1. DOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MARITIME BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT OF DECK S elçuk N as SELÇUK NAS TIDE & TIDE DIAMOND

2. DOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MARITIME BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT OF DECK S elçuk N as SELÇUK NAS TIDE Vertical rise and fall of the surface of a body of water caused primarily by the differences in gravitational attraction of the moon, and to a lesser extent of the sun, upon different parts of the earth. Moon is many times closer to the earth than the sun therefore gravitational pull is 2 1/4 times more pronounced

3. DOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MARITIME BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT OF DECK S elçuk N as SELÇUK NAS What Causes Tides Strong gravitational pull of the moon on the side of the earth nearest the sun, Strong outward centrifugal force generated by the earth-moon system on the opposite side of the earth, Cause the water on the earth’s surface to bulge out in the form of high tides on both sides. The same phenomenon occurs between the sun and the earth but on a much smaller scale. The moon revolves around the earth once each month. Lunar or Tidal day - 24 hrs and 50 min Earth rotates beneath it in the same direction. Most locations on earth experience four tides per day. Each successive high and low tide constitutes one tide cycle. Tide patterns are distorted from the normal 4-tide pattern because of the effects of land masses, constrained waterways, friction, the Coriolis effect, and other effects.

4. DOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MARITIME BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT OF DECK S elçuk N as SELÇUK NAS

5. DOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MARITIME BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT OF DECK S elçuk N as SELÇUK NAS

6. DOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MARITIME BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT OF DECK S elçuk N as SELÇUK NAS Declination of The Moon Large High Tide Small High Tide X Y

7. DOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MARITIME BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT OF DECK S elçuk N as SELÇUK NAS Lowest Astronomical TideLAT Highest Astronomical TideHAT Mean Low WaterMLW Mean High WaterMHW Mean Low Water SpringsMLWS Mean High Water SpringsMHWS Mean Low Water NeapsMLWN Mean High Water NeapsMHWN Mean Lower Low WaterMLLW Mean Higher High WaterMHHW Mean Higher Low WaterMHLW Mean Lower High WaterMLHW Spring tideSp Neap tideNp

8. DOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MARITIME BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT OF DECK S elçuk N as SELÇUK NAS BOTTOM CHARTED DEPTH MHWS CHART ELEVATION WATER LEVEL AIR DRAFT DRAFT MHWN MHWS MLWS MLWN CHART DATUM ( LATW ) High of Tide (HOT) DOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MARITIME BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT OF DECK S elçuk N as SELÇUK NAS

9. DOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MARITIME BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT OF DECK S elçuk N as SELÇUK NAS BA TIDE TABLE

10. DOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MARITIME BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT OF DECK S elçuk N as SELÇUK NAS BA TIDE TABLE

11. DOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MARITIME BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT OF DECK S elçuk N as SELÇUK NAS

12. DOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MARITIME BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT OF DECK S elçuk N as SELÇUK NAS BA TIDE DIAMOND

13. DOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MARITIME BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT OF DECK S elçuk N as SELÇUK NAS Current = the horizontal movement of a body of water. Causes: Gravitational effects of sun and moon Heating and cooling of Earth’s atmosphere Winds blowing across the ocean’s surface Changes in salinity due to rain and evaporation The Coriolis effect Set - the direction of the currents motion Drift - the velocity of the current Set & Drift represent the vector added to ship’s motion by the current TIDE CURRENT

14. DOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MARITIME BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT OF DECK S elçuk N as SELÇUK NAS BA TIDE DIAMOND

15. DOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MARITIME BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT OF DECK S elçuk N as SELÇUK NAS BA TIDE DIAMOND 1400 DR 7 th Feb. HW LW 1010 1410 DR SET: 265 0 Drift : 2,6 Knot For Spring Tide 1,3 Knot Neap Tide

16. DOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MARITIME BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT OF DECK S elçuk N as SELÇUK NAS BA TIDE DIAMOND 1400 DR 7 th Feb. HW LW 1410 DR SET: 265 0 Drift : 2,6 Knot For Spring Tide 1,3 Knot Neap Tide Mean RangeActual Range Mean RangeActual Range We will check Mean Range and Actual Range for Actual Drift Mean Range Actual Range OK

17. DOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MARITIME BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT OF DECK S elçuk N as SELÇUK NAS BA TIDE DIAMOND 1400 DR 7 th Feb. 1410 DR SET: 265 0 Drift : 2,6 Knot For Spring Tide 1,3 Knot Neap Tide ACTUAL RANGE = 5,5 mMEAN RANGES Springs= 6 m Neaps= 3,2 m We will compare ranges and make a interpolation

18. DOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MARITIME BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT OF DECK S elçuk N as SELÇUK NAS BA TIDE DIAMOND 1400 DR 7 th Feb. 1410 DR SET: 265 0 Drift : 2,6 Knot For Spring Tide 1,3 Knot Neap Tide Springs= 6 m 2,6 Knot Neaps= 3,2 m 1,3 Knot 1,3 Knot2,8 m Z 0,5 mY ACTUAL RANGE = 5,5 m Y = ( 0,5 x 1,3 ) / 2,8 Y = 0,23 Z = 2,6 – 0,23 Z = 2,37 = 2,4 Knot MEAN RANGES Springs= 6 m Neaps= 3,2 m ACTUAL RANGE = 5,5 m

19. DOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MARITIME BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT OF DECK S elçuk N as SELÇUK NAS BA TIDE DIAMOND 1400 DR 7 th Feb. 1410 DR SET: 265 0 Drift : 2,4

20. DOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MARITIME BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT OF DECK S elçuk N as SELÇUK NAS Questions

21. DOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MARITIME BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT OF DECK S elçuk N as SELÇUK NAS

22. DOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MARITIME BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT OF DECK S elçuk N as SELÇUK NAS HW LW ACTUAL RANGE = HW – LW 6,5 – 1 5,5 m