1. The Big bANG

2. The big bang It is thought that the universe started as a infinitely small dense ball of fire which expanded and formed the universe as we know it It should be remembered however that this is all just theory and no one knows for certain if the big bang theory is correct.

3. Before the big bang – Augustian era Named after saint augustine who believed that time was the sole property of god. All physicists theorires of the universe fail to work at this point. Basically no one knows what there was before the big bang

4. 10 -43 (0.0000000000000000000000000000000000000000001) seconds after the big bang – planck epoch Electrostatic force, nuclear energy and gravity are all unified into one fundamental force. Karl ernst ludwig marx planck 1858-1947

5. 10 -36 seconds after the big bang – grand unification period All the forces from the planck epoch begin to separate as the universe begins to expand. This produces magnetic monopoles (magnets with only 1 pole). The first particle is created, higgs boson.

6. 10- 23 seconds after the big bang – The electroweak epoch Temperature cools to 10 28 k = 9,999,726.85 o c Nb temperature of surface of sun = 5500 o c Exponential expansion begins.

7. 10- 6 seconds after the big bang – quark epoch Gravity and electromagnetism forces form 380’000 years after the big bang – photon epoch Photons start to form (light particles)

8. 1,000,000,000 years after the big bang – Galaxies form stars start to form

9. 8,000,000,000 years after the big bang – our solar system forms 13,700,000,000 years after the big bang – present day

10. The future? 1,000,000,000,000,000 years after the big bang – the big freeze All existing stars burn out

11. Two theories: 1. The big crunch The universe collapses in on itself and becomes a hot dense ball again What Next???????

12. 2. The big rip The universe expands so far that gravity can no longer hold it together and all the galaxies tear and rip themselves apart the fabric of the universe falls apart