1. Combining the strengths of UMIST and The Victoria University of Manchester Manchester UFAM equipment at VOCALS P.I. Williams, H. Ricketts, J.R. Dorsey

2. Combining the strengths of UMIST and The Victoria University of Manchester Sub-micron aerosol composition

3. Combining the strengths of UMIST and The Victoria University of Manchester The upgraded Compact Time-of-Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (C-ToF-AMS)‏ The old quadruple mass spec detector has been replaced with a time-of-flight mass spectrometer Yields quantatitive mass spectrum

4. Combining the strengths of UMIST and The Victoria University of Manchester Benefits Provides quantitative mass loadings of the none-refactory, sub-micron aerosol, from 1 to ~400 mass-to-charge ratios (m/z)‏ Size resolved mass distributions for each m/z Can determine loadings of inorganic species such as NO3, SO4, NH4, CL and total organic loadings Greater accuracy and spatial resolution for plume work –Emissions profiling –Dispersion –Source apportionment More detailed data on the organic fraction –Chemical transformations –Secondary organic budgets Better availability of data out-of-plume and in the free troposphere –Background organic aerosols –Direct radiative effect Sizing data available over a greater range of conditions –Radiative & cloud-forming properties of aerosol

5. Combining the strengths of UMIST and The Victoria University of Manchester Examples of data from a recent campaign (EUCAARI)‏ Data from a low level run off the Norfolk coast. For the Mass Spectrum below, only the organic loads are shown. The C-ToF-AMS will measure from 1 to ~400 m/z 100% transmission from 60 – 600nm, with a characterised fall off either side.

6. Combining the strengths of UMIST and The Victoria University of Manchester Examples of data from a recent campaign (EUCAARI)‏ C-Tof-AMS data from EUCAARI at 7,200ft ASL. The total organic loading for this run was approximately 120nm m -3. The old quad AMS system had a detection limit of 150nm m -3 for the organics Confident that we can detect lower concentrations that this, the exact detection limits are still uncertain

7. Combining the strengths of UMIST and The Victoria University of Manchester Sizing Aerosol Number-Size distributions: SMPS Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS)‏ Scans from ~10 to 350 nm Does not have the same vertical extent as the C- ToF-AMS

8. Combining the strengths of UMIST and The Victoria University of Manchester Preparations for VOCALS Mass Spectrum only: Rosemount inlet Mass Spectrum Mass distributions SMPS : Rosemount inlet Mass Spectrum Mass distributions? SMPS? : CVI inlet Software controlled inlet switching system. Can switch between Rosemount (out of cloud)‏ and CVI (in cloud: Residual)‏ STATUS: Faulty data acquisition card, but otherwise ready for VOCAL

9. Combining the strengths of UMIST and The Victoria University of Manchester Remote sensing

10. Combining the strengths of UMIST and The Victoria University of Manchester Leosphere aerosol lidar on Do-228 Max. range: 5000m Spatial resolution: 15m Temporal resolution: 1s => 100m @ 200kt Real-time aerosol processing Cloud top height Aerosol backscatter coeff. sea Sc aerosol

11. Combining the strengths of UMIST and The Victoria University of Manchester Cloud properties

12. Combining the strengths of UMIST and The Victoria University of Manchester 2-DS (2-D128)‏ ●Fast shadow probe – 128 x 10 µm elements. ●High spatial resolution. CAPS ●Cloud and Aerosol Spectrometer (CAS) - forward-scatter and back-scatter - particles from 0.5 µm to 50µm ● Cloud Imaging Probe (CIP) - fast 64-element photodiode array – 4 grey levels allow DoF correction. ●LWC, airspeed, pressure altitude, T, RH

13. Combining the strengths of UMIST and The Victoria University of Manchester SP2 ●Nd:YAG laser induces irradiance in black carbon containing aerosol. ●Size range approx 200 – 900 nm. UHSAS ●100 channel intra-cavity Mie scattering. ●Size range 55 - 1000nm.

14. Combining the strengths of UMIST and The Victoria University of Manchester

15. Combining the strengths of UMIST and The Victoria University of Manchester

16. Combining the strengths of UMIST and The Victoria University of Manchester Instrument status – July 2008 ●CAPS – undergoing upgrades and final calibration – expected back during August ●2-D128 – working, present. ●SP2 – undergoing repair – expected back during August. ●UHSAS – undergoing repair – expected back during August / September. Testing of repaired / upgraded probes to be conducted during ADIENT flights. Most of the untested equipment can be tested adequately during aerosol flights.

17. Combining the strengths of UMIST and The Victoria University of Manchester

18. Combining the strengths of UMIST and The Victoria University of Manchester