1. Real Time Savings:
Using High Density Real Time Monitoring and Control to Optimize South Bend, IN’s Combined Collection System
Timothy Ruggaber, M.S.Env.E., P.E.
Director of Operations
EmNet, LLC

2. Case Study: City of South Bend, IN
Population: 107,000
CSO discharge points: 36
CSO area: 20 square miles
Total area: 40 square miles
CSO volume: 1.0 billion gallons/year
Original LTCP: Tunnel, separation, WWTP expansion
Cost: $450M
Goals
Be in compliance
Be responsible to rate-payers
Only spend what is needed to solve the problem

3. CSO Abatement Approaches
Limited availability of real data
Storm temporal & spatial variability
Static infrastructure
Largest improvement project
Will our design achieve the WQ objectives?
Traditional
Monitoring
Modeling
Design
Construction

4. CSO Abatement Approaches
Deep system characterization
Design based in dense permanent monitoring
Dynamic infrastructure that can be adjusted to storm variability
Optimize available and future infrastructure
Conveyance
Storage
South Bend
Monitoring
Modeling
Design
Construction

5. South Bend Goals and Objectives
Use permanent dense monitoring to understand system hydraulics
Determine hydraulically underutilized areas
Tailor solutions for specific problems
Reduce CSOs
Eliminate dry weather overflows
Prevent basement backups
Identify sources of I/I
Calibrate Model 5

6. Operations and Control Basics
Eyes – Monitor, Characterize
Brain – Analyze, Evaluate, Understand
Hands – Implement
There are three basic elements to RTC

7. Eyes
Characterize

8. Traditional Eyes SCADA Inspections Temporary Monitoring Modeling
High cost
Limited # of sites
Limited choices for sites
Inspections
Intermittent
Temporal or spatial comparisons difficult
Temporary Monitoring
Limited data, miss events
Battery changes
Download data or install “hockey puck” antenna
Modeling
Simplified system
Idealized storm events
Limited O&M benefit
Requires all this equipment for only one monitoring point.

9. CSOnet® LogiCover™ Extends SCADA Real Time Data & Logger
Up to 3 year battery life
Composite & Hybrid models (H-20, HS-20, H-25, HS-25)
Can connect to level, flow, and water quality meters
Explain the LogiCover
Compare and contrast versus SCADA based monitoring
“This is our equivalent of a SCADA box…”
Deployment takes 13 minutes
Patent Pending

10. Dense Monitoring System
SCADA System:
Rockwell – RSView
SCADA Monitored locations:
17 (mostly lift stations)
CSOnet® Monitoring:
CSO outfalls: 36 sites
Interceptor: 27 sites
Trunk lines: 42 sites
Retention basins: 5 sites
Cost: $3M
“Before CSOnet®, it was like we had an artist’s rendering of our collection system. Now, it is like we have a high definition video feed.”
Jack Dillon,
Director of Environmental Services, South Bend
Mention the quote from jack
CSS SCADA Points: 17
CSOnet® Points: 110

11. Brains
Data,
Information,
Knowledge
Analyze, Understand,
Evaluate

12. Data Baselines, and Alarms
SCADA Integration,
Data Baselines, and Alarms
Now I’d like to talk about South Bend. 12 12

13. Real Time Visualize Data
Dial showing flow rate
Weather info
Conditions in trunkline
Enter CSOnet data analysis as a way to better understand data that comes in and “see the overall picture” at a glance
River stage
Depth at CSO
Replay Storm event

14. Real Time Data Analysis
Surcharge
Overflow 14

15. Anomaly Detection
“[The RTM system] has shown me several problem sites that were previously misdiagnosed. I’ve been able to focus on these problems and I believe that CSOnet has been the saving grace that allowed us to identify problem areas and get to the root cause of many CSO overflows and other badly needed collection system maintenance issues.”
Richard Radcliff
South Bend CSO Manager
Example of how O&M is able to react to data

16. Deviations from Normal
Small blockage forms
CSO throttle is cleaned
Blockage is detected using RTM system
Pinpoint problems, schedule solution, reduce emergency maintenance – save energy!
Last example looking at CSO 44, I like this example because it’s a bit more extreme and really highlights the benefit of targeted preventative maintenance. This is a very low flow site where typical flow depth should be about a tenth of a foot. After a storm event, a bunch of leaves and sticks had clogged the throttle line and the depth rose to 0.3 ft. This was previously a site that a crew would do a quick visual inspection of by popping off the manhole cover and looking in. By visual inspection, everything would’ve looked fine: the depth is low, far from overflowing, in the channel, nothing to worry about. But because we know what “normal” at this site is with greater definition, we could determine that there was a blockage that would later cause problems downstream if we didn’t catch it and solve it now. So what does this mean? They’re able to schedule this as preventative maintenance to be done sometime over the next couple of weeks, instead of it becoming an emergency in which we may have to pay overtime and get vactor trucks there immediately, possibly causing problems at other projects. So we’re able to pinpoint problems, schedule solutions, and reduce emergency management, thereby reducing energy. 16

17. Dry Weather Overflow Elimination
Eliminated 66% of dry weather overflows from 2008 to $797,500 in 2008 fines vs. $275,000 in 2009 fines –
$522,000 in fine elimination
Goal for 2010: Zero
CSOnet paid itself in DWO elimination

18. Increased Staff Responsibilities
Fix problems instead of looking for them
Stop just putting out fires
Perform early preventative maintenance:
Vactor 50 additional days
Increase number of sewer inspections at non-routine locations by 175%
Clean 2000 additional catchbasins
Annual Additional O&M Benefit –
$189,000
Before RTM system
Search for DWOs
Resolve DWOs
Misc. duties
“[This system] is like hiring more personnel, but without the cost.”
Gary Gilot,
Director of Public Works,
City of South Bend, IN 18

19. Collection System Inefficiencies
Is WWTP operating at full capacity before CSO events? NO
Are conveyance assets at 100% before CSO events?
Consider RTC to improve conveyance NO
Reasoning behind the use of RTC
YES
If storage is available, are storage assets at 100% before CSO events?
Consider RTC to improve storage after conveyance NO

20. Real Time Decision Support
Real Time Decision Support System
Past/
Database
Present /
Real Time
Future/ Hydraulic Model

21. CSOnet® Automatic Control Strategy
Eureka moment, SoBend discovers that pipes are not full while overflowing

22. Hands
Implement

23. Crawl, Walk, Run Integrated RTC of CSO Lift Station
Flooding at Interceptor location dropped from 5 times annually to once annually
Intelligent control of two retention basins
Improve effectiveness of storage by 110%
Dynamically control key CSOs
Have WWTP run at full capacity before overflow occur

24. Maximize Flow to WWTP Cabinet or Traffic Signal Gateway INode Sensor
Stilling Well
Manhole Cover Antenna
Weir
Larger Parallel
Throttle Line
Actuated Valve
Combined Sewer
Trunkline
Interceptor Line
Conduit
Overflow
Line
Throttle Line
Combined Sewer
Trunkline
Interceptor Line
Overflow
Line
Weir

25. CSOnet® Control Strategy

26. Proof of Concept Optimization Engine Based in EPA SWMM (open source)
Model RTC strategies
Run offline to familiarize with control logic, tailor algorithms
Find knee of the curve
This is our optimization engine. In other words, EmNet SWMM is the program that generates the optimal control strategy. This program can:
Be integrated with the Profiler for real time operation (optimization is generated in real time as data comes in)
Output files can be sent out to SCADA for RTC (using exactly the same system that Brent uses to integrate the CSOnet database with SCADA)
By trimming the model to a manageable size (which also depends on the computer size) forecasts can also be generated.
Tim, the way that this would operate is the following:
The EmNet SWMM can be compiled into an executable (which is what Kyle is doing for Indy)
The profiler can then be given the task to gather the monitoring data write it into an xml file, call the EmNet SWMM executable, take the output data and write it into the database.
The kepware software can then read the database and show it like a PLC, the master PLC can then decide to send the data to the actuators

27. Implications of RTC In South Bend
Reduce CSO volume by balancing flows to WWTP
Increase potential of existing storage
Focus storage on peak reduction, maximize conveyance
Control discharges into collection system
Eliminate need for deep tunnel for storage
Reduce New Construction by $120 M
Annual Overflow Volume
Existing System (MG)
Annual Overflow Volume CSOnet System (MG)
Percentage Reduction (%)
918.2
702.8
23%
enhance

28. Summary Dense real time monitoring and control
Maximizes the use of existing infrastructure
Characterize, Analyze, Implement, REPEAT
$120 M in avoided construction
$500,000 in avoided fines
$189,000 in additional O&M benefit
Summary
Add slide on contact info

29. Tim Ruggaber, M.S.Env.Eng., P.E.
Thank you
Tim Ruggaber, M.S.Env.Eng., P.E.
Add slide on contact info

30. Questions S 30