1. Coastal Zone Management of Bangladesh Professor M Alimullah Miyan JCOMM-4 Fourth Session of the Joint WMO-IOC Technical Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology May 23 – 31, 2012 Yeosu, Republic of Korea

2. 2 Professor M Alimullah Miyan Chairperson South Asian Disaster Management Centre (SADMC) International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, Dhaka Bangladesh Website: www.iubat.edu Coastal Zone Management of Bangladesh

3. Bay of Bengal and Coast of Bangladesh 3

4. Coastal Zone of Bangladesh

5. Ganges, Brahmaputra, Meghna Esuaries & Coastal Zone of Bangladesh 5

6. Cox’s Bazar, Longest Sea Beach 6

7. Sundarbans Largest Mangrove Forests 7

8. Man-eating Royal Bengal Tiger, Crocodile & Spotted Deer of Sundarbans 8

9. Natural beauty of Sundarbans and Sundarbans after Sidr 2007 9

10. Tropical Cyclones Affected Coastal Zones Cyclones Affected Regions Wind Speed km/hr Deaths Damages US $ in million BholaCyclone- 1970 Bangladesh, India 205500,00086.4 Cylone-1991Bangladesh260138,0001,500 Sidr-2007 Bangladesh, India 2604,0361,700 Nargis-2008 Myanmar, Bangladesh 215 138,366 (126 in Bangladesh) 10,000 Aila-2009Bangladesh, India 120325 (26 in Bangladesh) 552.6 10

11. Damages of lives, structures & Mangroves during Bangladesh cyclone 1991, Bhola Cyclone 1970 & Cyclone Sidr 2007

12. Damage of Crops & Structures in Sidr Fleeing people during Aila-2009

13. Effect of Sidr Nov 25, 2007 13

14. Changes of Coastline in the Meghna Estuary between 1990 & 2001 14

15. The Bay of Bengal Enclosed Sea 15

16. Discharge of Effluents to Rivers

17. Discharge of Industrial Effluents to Rivers

18. Hazards of Ship-breaking Industries 18

19. Chemical Effluents from Shrimp Hatchery 19

20. Chemical Effluent from Shrimp Hatchery 20

21. Hill-cutting and Shrimp hatcheries eroding the beach 21

22. Fires in High-rise Building, Factory & Slums

23. Encroachment of Rivers and Wet-Bodies

24. Tidal Surge, Flood & Erosion

25. Air Pollution & Brick Kilns

26. Asian Brown Cloud scattered over the Bay of Bengal 26

27. Changes of salinity affected zone during 1973 to 1997 27

28. Hilsa migrates from north Bay due to unfavorable environment: Huge catch near Teknaf 28

29. Hilsa crisis in the Bay in ongoing peak season, idle fishing trawlers 29

30. Patrolling boat in Sundarbans 30

31. Manmade Freshwater Reservoir in Coastal Zone 31

32. Cyclone Shelter cum Schools in Coastal Zone 32

33. Conclusion and Recommendations Coastal zone has great importance to protect the shoreline of the Bay Northern part is resourceful & biodiversity rich, very fragile & prone to pollution Industries, agriculture & ports are major sources Ship breaking, shrimp culture are great threat Destruction of mangroves increasing vulnerability 33

34. Conclusion and Recommendations CHT plays important role in coastline management Dams destroying the hill forests & water-flows Indiscriminate use of Chemicals and upstream in agriculture destroying perennial streams Causing marine & terrestrial biodiversity loss Hill cutting, shrimp hatchery and unplanned structures damaging Cox’s Bazar sea beach 34

35. Conclusion and Recommendations Pollution from ship-breaking, ports & shrimp culture should be stopped Deforestation, hill-cutting, over-fishing unplanned construction must be controlled Defense systems against cyclones, tidal surges, erosion should be built up 35

36. Thank You 36