1. Maurissa Sorensen Valerie Casillas Casey Moroney Rose Householder Anti-Bullying Summit 2011

2. Higher Prevalence Rates in the U.S. than in Other Countries--Why? Who Does Research Benefit? Why study bullying ?

3. Stability and consistency of bully-victims (over time) Bullies (>60%) and Victims (13%) remain in roles Bully-victims and bystanders seem to stay the most consistent over numerous periods of time. BulliesVictimsBully-VictimsBystanders

4. Across settings and the dominance theory How does stability look for different/same for both genders? How does this effect bullies? How does this effect victims? Do you mean “effect” or affect? Stability and consistency of bully- victims (across settings)

5. Bullying does not end in high school College victims are bullied by teachers and students Leads to higher rates of: school avoidance levels of anxiety suicidal ideation Observed A Student Being Bullied By Another Student Witnessed A Teacher Bullying A Student Bullied By Another Student Occasionally and Frequently Bullied By A Teacher Occasionally and Frequently

6. POORER ACADEMIC SKILLS AND GRADES? COMING FROM AGGRESSIVE HOMES? INCONSISTENT AND NON EFFECTIVE DISCIPLINE? LOW SELF-ESTEEM Who is a Bully? Characteristic Factors

7. LGBT BULLYING vs. RACE/CLASS BOYS BEING CALLED GAY EXPERIENCED MORE “PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS” COMPARED TO OTHERS WHO ALSO SUFFERED FROM OTHER FORMS OF BULLYING

8. BULLIES ATTACKING LGBT STUDENTS= MORE PHYSICALLY VIOLENCE THEY DON’T WANT TO APPEAR TO BE “GAY ” LGBT BULLYING vs. RACE/CLASS

9. suffer from depression in adulthood School Truancy increased risk in suicidal ideation. What Happens to the Victims?

10. LGBT Not LGBT Common problems were poor academics Boys who are bullied, and called “gay”, reported The terms “man enough”, “real boy” led. Perpetrators of “gay males” were given the “boys will be boys” defense Anyone can be bulllied Victims who were bullied for reasons other than being called “gay” Reasons for this population experiencing bullying differently varied These victims showed a higher attendance rate than LGBT youth. LGBT and Not LGBT Victims?

11. Victims and Suicide Suicide rates among youth are on the rise Empirical research has shown that bullying is a risk factor for suicide Mass media attention has increased

12. Dangers of cyber bullying? Constant harassment Anonymity How Bullying leads to Gun Violence? Gay baiting Not all victims internalize feelings Cyber Bullying an epidemic!

13. “BYSTANDER BEHAVIOR MODERATES A CHILDS' VULNERABILITY TO VICTIMIZATION.” Bystanders Make a Difference!

14. “ THE MORE BYSTANDERS THERE ARE DURING AN EMERGENCY, THE LESS LIKELY IT IS THAT ANY ONE BYSTANDER WILL INTERVENE TO PROVIDE AID.” Diffusion of Responsibility

15. Sexual Violence It is a form of assault, a form of abuse, and a form of bullying!

16. “STUDENT LEADERS NOTED BECOMING MORE AWARE THAT THEY COULD DO SOMETHING AND MAKE A DIFFERENCE (FOR THE VICTIM)…” Within a Study Done On Reducing Sexual Violence On Campus:

17. Possible Bystander Reactions To Bullying: Pressuring the bully into bullying 2 nd party victim of bullying Lack of involvement Learned response Insensitive to bullying