1. REFORESTATION: CLIMATIC SIMILARITIES & SPECIES SITE CONDITIONS WITH COMMON ISSUES AND CONSTRAINTS REFORESTATION: CLIMATIC SIMILARITIES & SPECIES SITE CONDITIONS WITH COMMON ISSUES AND CONSTRAINTS …..Select …..Select ……..Plant ……….Harvest Climate - Plant Composition -Site Conditions-or Combination of Methods with Economics in Mind

2. INTRODUCTION RH Group committed to Reforestation: either Enrichment Planting; Natural Regeneration or Plantation Forestry RH Group committed to Reforestation: either Enrichment Planting; Natural Regeneration or Plantation Forestry RH has vast experience in Plantation Forestry-Experiences from New Zealand and Malaysia will be drawn to Projects in PNGRH has vast experience in Plantation Forestry-Experiences from New Zealand and Malaysia will be drawn to Projects in PNG Reforestation Unit - Created & Staff Recruitment in Progress (my recruitment) Reforestation Unit - Created & Staff Recruitment in Progress (my recruitment) Lands Unit-Created to Look into land issues relating to Reforestation Lands Unit-Created to Look into land issues relating to Reforestation Focus on Wawoi-Guavi TRP area –Company has established processing plants and need Resource Security (Replenishment) Focus on Wawoi-Guavi TRP area –Company has established processing plants and need Resource Security (Replenishment) Sizable Land identified in Wawoi-Guavi and Technically feasible for Reforestation. Sizable Land identified in Wawoi-Guavi and Technically feasible for Reforestation. Nursery Establishment with carrying capacity of 500,000 seedlings in Kamusie designed by experts from Malaysia in Consultation with RH (PNG) Group Nursery Establishment with carrying capacity of 500,000 seedlings in Kamusie designed by experts from Malaysia in Consultation with RH (PNG) Group

3. OBJECTIVE OBJECTIVE Promoting our Concept for Reforestation – Creating Partnership, Collaboration, Networking and Develop Common Interest Promoting our Concept for Reforestation – Creating Partnership, Collaboration, Networking and Develop Common Interest Sustain Resource Base & Operations - Kamusie & Panakawa Processing Plants Sustain Resource Base & Operations - Kamusie & Panakawa Processing Plants Resource/Forest Replacement –Requirement under Forest Policy & Act Resource/Forest Replacement –Requirement under Forest Policy & Act Corporate Environmental Responsibility Corporate Environmental Responsibility

4. REFORESTATION IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC: Timber Products; Carbon credits; Tourism; Minor Forest Products; Diversify Local Economy ENVIRONMENTAL Carbon sequestration; Wildlife; Aesthetics; Landscape/Biodiversity Restoration SOCIAL: Employment; Recreation; Fuel wood Taungya/Agroforestry; RH has demonstrate this sustainomics triangle and will continue to do so with Reforestation Projects Reforestation

5. SPECIES CHOICE What kind of Species, How well they will grow, Where and What are their end uses? Fast Growth with High Economic Value; End Uses; Objectives; Economic Viability; Availability of Planting Material Adaptability: How well species can thrive on site? Ecology, Physiology, Genetics (3-yrs express biology of site) In making Decisions for Species Choice: Adaptability and Species OR End Use and Species OR Both Right Choice-Ease of Silviculture

6. PLANTATION DEVELOPMENT PROCESSReconnaissance to existing plantations incl. Ulabo, Lae (FRI) and SBLC PLANTATION DEVELOPMENT PROCESSReconnaissance to existing plantations incl. Ulabo, Lae (FRI) and SBLC Provenance Provenance Species-Site Matching Species-Site Matching Traditional Approach in Forestry- Lengthy Process Collect meteorological data-Compare climatic similarities & introduce species to site Genotype (wild population)-Provenance Trial- Progeny Trials-Improved Genetic Material (Seed)- Plantation Climate & Site with Species: Compare & Contrasts- Introduce to site w/ market, end-use, & value in mind

7. ESTABLISHMENT & MANAGEMENT ESTABLISHMENT & MANAGEMENT Seed & Nursery Seed & Nursery Nursery designed with carrying capacity for 500,000 seedlings for our proposed Planting Target ( 500-700 ha/yr) Nursery designed with carrying capacity for 500,000 seedlings for our proposed Planting Target ( 500-700 ha/yr) Seed Important Reproductive material in Forestry Seed Important Reproductive material in Forestry Quality Seed & Planting Stock-Profitable Plantation Quality Seed & Planting Stock-Profitable Plantation Out Planting & Stand Density Growing Space – Right amount of Space (Spacing depending on Species & end uses) Growing Space – Right amount of Space (Spacing depending on Species & end uses) Establishment & Management Establishment & Management Weeding - Pruning – Thinning : Quality End Product Weeding - Pruning – Thinning : Quality End Product

8. GROWTH & PERFORMANCE: ULABO, MILNE BAY GROWTH & PERFORMANCE: ULABO, MILNE BAY SpeciesAge Ht (m) DBH (cm) Vol (m3) Vol/ha(500)Vol/ha/yr KamarereB1721493.961980116.47 Talis1718432.61130576.76 KamarereA1718341.8291053.53 Teak A 1711330.9447027.65 Acacia2215422.08104047.27 Teak B 2215421.4472032.72 Walnut56240.2713527 Commence 1985 w/ primary sp being Kamarere & Talis Reach 1000m 3 in 15-20 yrs Soil is sandy – sandy loam w/ 1500-3000 mm annual rainfall Site influence growth & productivity Talis best for Swamp; Kamarere prefers deep soil V=0.7854d 2 L; Volume of Individual Tree * total sph=Vol/ha; Vol/ha is divided by age to obtain vol/ha/yr Note: Figures are estimates, MAI changes w/ time reveling effect of site & stand treatment on growth.

9. GROWTH & PERFORMANCE SBLC GROWTH & PERFORMANCE SBLC SpeciesAge Ht (m) DBH (cm) Vol (m3) Vol/ha (625) Vol/ha/yr Kamarere1520473.472168.75144.58 Erima1525494.712943.75196.25 Teak109200.2817517.5 Talis1021210.5232532.5 GmelinaNANANANANANA QuandongNANANANANANA A.mangiumNANANANANANA A.auriculiformi s NANANANANANA Black bean NANANANANANA SBLC Reforestation 1976/77 Over 10, 000 ha & harvesting 1999-present exceeds 208, 000 m 3 Teak excellent coppice (1 yr coppice from 1 yr stump 4 m in ht & DBH 3 cm Better managed-productivity-high High rainfall w/ deep sandy loam soils

10. GROWTH & PERFORMANCE –FRI, LAE GROWTH & PERFORMANCE –FRI, LAE SpeciesAge Ht (m) DBH cm) Vol (m3) Vol/ha (1111) Vol/ha/yr Kamarere 10 (1997) 17351.631087108.7 E.pellita 13 (1994) 18240.81540.2741.56 Talis 33 (1974) 20514.08204061.82 Taun 10 (1997) 11260.584648.864.88 Rosewood 6180.15316116.1 Kwila 617.50.144160.316.03 Black bean NANANANANANA CalophyllumNANANANANANA Taun-fast growth ~Kamarere Taun-fast growth ~Kamarere Kamarere, Talis, Taun over 1000 m 3 in 15-20 yrs. Kamarere, Talis, Taun over 1000 m 3 in 15-20 yrs. Lae-site & climate similar to Kamusie Lae-site & climate similar to Kamusie Rosewood & Kwila-slow growth Rosewood & Kwila-slow growth

11. SITE PRODUCTIVITY MAI (Volume) Kamarere at different age MAI (Volume) Kamarere at different age

12. COMPARISION SiteClimateSoilProductivity SBLC 3500-4000 mm rainfall w/ mean temp of 30 o C Sandy loam Kamarere, Erima, Teak (Coppice) good performance Ulabo 1500-3000mm rainfall; 28-32 o C Sandy-Sandy loam soils Talis (swamp sites), Kamarere and recently Walnut good performance Lae 4000mm rainfall, humid w/ 28- 32 o C Deep, Clay-loam fertile soil w/ high soil mc Talis, Taun good performance Kamusi e Humid w/ 28- 32 o C; 4000+mm rainfall Waterlogged, clay soil conditions and deep soil Kamarere, Talis & Taun are expected to perform well

13. MATRIX TO INTRODUCE SPECIES TO SITE (Table 6) Species Species Information Species Information Kamusie Condition Kamarere High value timber; fast growth rate reaching 1000m 3 /ha & 50 cm dbh in 15-20 years; grows well on any site but prefers deep soil with clay loam to sandy-loam soils; no major pests & disease problem; silviculture & ecology widely known; abundant seed available through NTSC, Bulolo. Best for Kamusie & highly recommended Taun High economic value, fast growth, reach 50 cm dbh in 20-25 years; grows in clay-loam soil with high rainfall; ecology & silviculture slightly known and never planted in plantation; abundant seed but poor storage & careful seed handling Best for Kamusie & highly recommended

14. RECOM/CONCLUSIONS RECOM/CONCLUSIONS Kamarere, Talis and Taun - primary species - others secondary species. Kamarere, Talis and Taun - primary species - others secondary species. NFS Provide Policy and Legal Support with Incentives e.g., forgo reforestation levies for companies who are actively doing reforestation or consider counterpart funding. NFS Provide Policy and Legal Support with Incentives e.g., forgo reforestation levies for companies who are actively doing reforestation or consider counterpart funding. Reforestation Policy - Drives the Reforestation Projects on the Ground Reforestation Policy - Drives the Reforestation Projects on the Ground Consultation with Lands Department, PNGFA and Dept of Environment and Conservation on land or lease agreements –how best we can do reforestation on customary land. Consultation with Lands Department, PNGFA and Dept of Environment and Conservation on land or lease agreements –how best we can do reforestation on customary land. RH commence dialogue with PNGFA - possibility of RH purchasing existing state plantations - reforestation and harvesting concurrently. RH commence dialogue with PNGFA - possibility of RH purchasing existing state plantations - reforestation and harvesting concurrently.

15. ISSUES ISSUES Land Tenure in relation to Reforestation Land Tenure in relation to Reforestation Ownership: Who owns trees from Enrichment Planting/Natural Regeneration or Plantation Ownership: Who owns trees from Enrichment Planting/Natural Regeneration or Plantation Landowner Participation/Benefits (Conflict of Land Use) Landowner Participation/Benefits (Conflict of Land Use) Reforestation Policy (Excellent piece of Policy BUT still in Draft Form) Reforestation Policy (Excellent piece of Policy BUT still in Draft Form) The timber industry as a key player needs to actively pursue reforestation. Under this policy the government will address all the factors which have prevented the industry from undertaking reforestation (PNGFA NR Policy (Draft) 2005 p.6). The timber industry as a key player needs to actively pursue reforestation. Under this policy the government will address all the factors which have prevented the industry from undertaking reforestation (PNGFA NR Policy (Draft) 2005 p.6)....We will be thrilled by witnessing this happening…...We will be thrilled by witnessing this happening…

16. THANK YOU THANK YOU