1. The New European Construction Miszlivetz Ferenc Institute for Social and European Studies Buenos Aires August 2011

2. The European Construction I. What is the European Union? II. In between… III. Multilevel governance IV. Is the new Europe inventing itself in its margins? V. A New Sovereign? – The Finality of the European Construction VI. After 2007:the end of the post-Cold War period – the beginning of what?

3. Jean Monnet: Memoirs „A szavak, amelyekről az emberek vitatkoznak – föderáció vagy konföderáció – inadekvátak és pontatlanok. Amit a Közösség munkájával előkészítünk, valószínűleg példa nélküli. A közösség maga is intézményeken alapul és ezek megerősítésre szorulnak. Ám az a politikai hatalom, amelyet Európa demokráciái egy napon megteremtenek, még kitalálásra és felépítésre vár”

4. I. What is the European Union? Difficulties of the definition Difficulties of the definition  Unidentifiable political object Postnational constellation Postnational constellation  What is the unit of analysis?  Europe with a varying geometry Europe at crossroads Europe at crossroads Before and after of Eastern enlargement: Before and after of Eastern enlargement:  Increase of diversity  Decrease of economic and social cohesion  The slow down of decision-making  Moving targets: is there a winner in the game?

5. II. In an intermediary state : Between intergovermentalism and supranationalism The short breath of the Community method The short breath of the Community method  The challenge of Eastern enlargement The recognition of the crisis The recognition of the crisis 2000.„Future of Europe” debate 2000.dec. Nice Summit – dialogue - experiment: the conscious address of the society 2001.dec. Laeken: decision about the Convention 2002. March – 2003. June: the process of an intensive constitutionalization 2003. The process of constitutionalization 2004. Treaty on th European Union 2005. Double „No” on the constitution by France and Holland Extending the Community method Extending the Community method Plan D Plan D  Rediscovering civil society  demos and polity on the level of Europe?

6. III. Multilevel governance The reinvention of the mezo-level: New players New players  Regions, Euroregions, microregions, networks and lobby groups (Machiavelli in Brussles) The process of Europanization The process of Europanization EU National Regional Local Network - federation

7. III: Multilevel governance The New Europe – not only larger, also different The New Europe – not only larger, also different Borders and Regions – the impact of 1989 Borders and Regions – the impact of 1989  Border areas: sensitive spots, lands’ ends, fault lines  External becomes internal  Income disparties  new social tensions after enlargement  Migration, minorities, new bureaucratic barriers The New Challenge for the Enlarged Europe: The New Challenge for the Enlarged Europe: How to manage diversity while preserving cohesion? Towards a New European Border Regime? Towards a New European Border Regime? (Recommendations of the Reflection Group)

8. IV. Is the New Europe inventing itself in its Margins? Comparative Study of 5 Euroregions by Notre Europe Comparative Study of 5 Euroregions by Notre Europe The cooperation between European border regions foreshadows tomorrow’s Europe The cooperation between European border regions foreshadows tomorrow’s Europe What has changed and who are the main actors? What has changed and who are the main actors?  Working methods taken over  reforms  New organizations on subregional level (public, semi- public NGOs)  Grouping of municipalities  critical mass  The new dynamic actors: local leaders  Attitude change: institutional dialogue leads to pragmatism  Federalist neighbours  stimulating decentralization Europe of Regions Europe of Regions  A glass half empty or half full?

9. IV. Is the New Europe inventing itself in its Margins? Changing political priorities Changing political priorities  Redefining strategies from the bottom up  High involvement of media and civil society  The gradual emergence of long-term approach Qualitative results Qualitative results  Less hostility, common diagnosis  Identitity building – the role of culture  Breaking the isolation – network creation  Regional planning – a bottom up process Main obstacles Main obstacles  Absence of legal, financial and human resources  The centralizing nationstate  : New, integrated Regional Community Policy is needed!  New instruments to deal with complexities „ European Cooperation Areas”

10. GYŐR- MOSON- SOPRON VAS ZALA BURGEN- LAND IV. Is the new Europe inventing itself in its margins? The West Pannonia Euroregion – The Haydn – Liszt Quartet

11. IV. Is the new Europe inventing itself in its margins? The West Pannonia Euroregion Infrastructure, Business, Labour Common crossborder transportation plan Common crossborder transportation plan Business parks: Heiligenkreuz – Szentgotthárd (special status for border crossing) Business parks: Heiligenkreuz – Szentgotthárd (special status for border crossing) Crossborder cooperation of interregional trade unions Crossborder cooperation of interregional trade unions Tourism, Culture, Education Crossborder wellness and historic toursim, bycicle and wine routs, nature parks Crossborder wellness and historic toursim, bycicle and wine routs, nature parks Preparation of common cultural heritage eg. Franz Liszt and Joseph Haydn Festivals etc. Preparation of common cultural heritage eg. Franz Liszt and Joseph Haydn Festivals etc. People to people projects: music festivals, school exchanges People to people projects: music festivals, school exchanges Multilingual cultural, historic guidebooks Multilingual cultural, historic guidebooks „Dear Neighbour” – regional broadcasting „Dear Neighbour” – regional broadcasting On –line Euregio homepage On –line Euregio homepage Pannonische Vervassungsdebatte etc. Pannonische Vervassungsdebatte etc.

12. Regional Planning Technical Infrastructure Economic Development Bicycle paths Human Resources Develop. Environment and Nature Protection Projects financed in the 1995-1999 Phare CBC Programs.

13. V. A new sovereign? The finality of European Construction Jacques Delors: „An Ambitions Vision for the Enlarged Europel” – the new political objectives: 1. The Enlarged Europe should become an area of active peace, 2. The framework of sustainable development, 3. And it should treat the European cultural and ethnic diversity with special attention.

14. V. A new sovereign? The finality of European Construction „Europe 2010”: Delors and Forward Studies Unit 1.TRIUMPHANT MARKETS: present trends global nets fast information strengthening firms global middle class national sovereignty 2.„HUNDRED FLOWERS”: the renessainse era of community life anti-globalisation drawing back to the local communities 3.TURBULENT NEIGHBOURS: increasing competition tensions fight for the natural resources 4.CREATIVE SOCIETIES: „Let’s find out…!” – movements social inventors and entrepreneurs 5.SHARED RESPONSIBILITIES: socialdemocratic model 6. „as if everything would be all right” mental and intellectual paralysation panic 6.MUDDLING THROUGH: „as if everything would be all right” mental and intellectual paralysation panic

15. V. A new sovereign? The finality of European Construction Scenarios instead of a certain future Scenarios instead of a certain future The European social model: more than a market The European social model: more than a market New definitions: New definitions:  European social and political sphere  The new European time Demos and politeia on a European level: demoi and heterarchical political sphere? Demos and politeia on a European level: demoi and heterarchical political sphere? Constructivism in practice and social sciences Constructivism in practice and social sciences

16. V. A new sovereign? The finality of European Construction Ambitious plans: Ambitious plans:  New role in world politics  New research and higher education space (2010: the establishement of knowledge – based society, to catch up with the USA)  European model of sustainable development? = Sustainable Europe – or Pax Democratica = towards positive definitions: the negotiation system of network- governance tuned to problem-solving:„Deliberative democracy”.

17. Thank you very much for your attention! for your attention!