1. 1 Types of urban interventions (2): Local projects Institutionalised multiplicity of actors in neighbourhood contracts

2. 2 Zones for Residential Development (Regional Development Plan, map 3) All sites are located within the perimeters for development of housing as indicated on the Regional Development Plan. Location: pentagon and 19th century crown ‘lower town’

3. 3 Locations (1) CASE 2: NEIGHBOURHOOD CONTRACTS Seven Generations of Neighbourhood contracts (together with different Initiative Neighbourhoods) Selection of sites: On base of 18 criteria (socio- economic aspects as well as about quality of life in neighbourhoods). The sites are centrally located in Brussels in following municipalities: Anderlecht, Sint- Gillis, the city of Brussels, Sint- Joost-ten-Node, Elsene, Schaarbeek, Molenbeek and Vorst.

4. 4 Framework (2) CASE 2: NEIGHBOURHOOD CONTRACTS Legal background: Ordinance of Brussels Capital Region 7th of October 1993 Budgets: approx. 10 million Euro Financing: Usually divided over Region (larger share) and Municipality, involvement of federal levels as well besides search for private investors in PPP Duration: 4 years, possible prolongation of up to two years for the termination of on-site implementation

5. 5 Funding (2) CASE 2: NEIGHBOURHOOD CONTRACTS

6. 6 Aim and Program (2) CASE 2: NEIGHBOURHOOD CONTRACTS Aim: Collaborative, integrated measurements against degeneration of neighbourhoods, creation of new dynamic, interventions focus on different aspects of the neighbourhood, such as the buildings, public spaces, infrastructure as well as social and economical initiatives. Program: Different projects are executed within one neighbourhood contract: e.g. the renovation of residences, renovation or creation of spaces for industrial and artisanal activities, refurbishment of public spaces, creation of strengthening of infrastructure and facilities, as well as the initiative for social and participative actions during the Neighbourhood Contract.

7. 7 Development and duration (2) CASE 2: NEIGHBOURHOOD CONTRACTS Development: A first phase is the development of a basic study for the detailed delimitation of the site and the development of different possible scenarios. After a decision in made for one scenario, a second study is executed and implemented. 4 years of EXECUTION of the program

8. 8 Co-production in neighbourhood contracts Three main instruments for concerted partnership approaches: the General Neighbourhood Assemblies a Public Hearing about the preliminary program the gatherings of the Local Commission of Integrated Development. (2) CASE 2: NEIGHBOURHOOD CONTRACTS

9. 9 Local Commission of integrated development minimal composition: -8 representatives of inhabitants, -2 representatives of associations, school organisations or commercial representatives for the specific neighbourhood, -3 representatives of the municipality, -1 representative of the OCMW or CPAS (Public Center for Social Assistance) -1 representative of the OOTB (Overleg Opleidings- en Tewerkstellingsprojecten Brussel) if there is a connection to projects of social-economical integration in the neighbourhood -2 representatives of Brussels Capital Region, -1 representative of the FGC, Franse Gemeenschapscommissie, the Commission of the French speaking Community (2) CASE 2: NEIGHBOURHOOD CONTRACTS

10. 10 Diffiulties in local development: spaces of uncertainty? Delimitation of the sites (no ‘neighbourhood concept’) General coördination (integrative aspect?) No follow-up for a temporaly limited intervention Difficult fasing Conflict of interests Initial aim is partly lost Public-private coöperation difficult, budgetary questions Few designers with experience for neighbourhood contracts (2) CASE 2: WIJKCONTRACTEN

11. 11 Comparison of types of urban intervention Sites of regional importance (e.g. the European Quarter) Local Interventions (e.g. neighbourhood contracts) Inventary of comparable elements, including aspects of spatial development and urban policies (co-production) (3) CONCLUDING

12. 12 The making of urban spaces = the making of society? (3) CONCLUDING

13. 13 Maakbaarheid? Relation between spatial / social/ political development ‘manageability’ and control different according to the actor, kind of intervention, moment, instrument, scale of intervention, etc. >> degree of complexity (3) CONCLUDING

14. 14 Guest Lecture for the Masters of Landscape Architecture Programme at the Erasmus-Hogeschool in Vilvoorde Researcher: Annette Kuhk, annette.kuhk@archb.sintlucas.wenk.be Contact address: Hogeschool voor Wetenschap en Kunst Departement Architectuur Sint-Lucas Paleizenstraat 65-67, B-1030 Brussel Tel. 0032-2-242.00.00, Fax 0032-2-245.14.04 Research: Co-production in urban planning: Metropolitan Governance in Brussels Capital Region, This study is financially supported from Brussels Capital Region, and is a part of 'Prospective Research for Brussels'. Supervisors: Prof. Jan Degadt, Katholieke Universiteit Brussel and Prof. Evert Lagrou, Departement Architectuur, Sint-Lucas