1. PEDRIGREE AND GENETIC ANALISYS OF THE ISTRIAN CATTLE
Ivanković A.1, Ramljak J.1, Šubara G.2, Kelava N.1, Prekalj G.2
(1)   Department of Animal Production and Technology, Agricultural Faculty, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska 25, Zagreb, Croatia.
(2)   AZRRI – Agency for rural development of Istria Ltd. Pazin; Agenzia per lo sviluppo rurale dell’Istria Pisino 1

2. Sulle tracce delle Podoliche – On the Tracks of Grey Podolic cattle
Introduction
autochthonous cattle breeds in Croatia
number of animals drastically declined → systematic upgrading
1998. – 138 animals; 2008 – 460 animals
institutional measures (subsidies, promotions), established association (AZRRI), economic reaffirmations (brand “beef” production)

3. Sulle tracce delle Podoliche – On the Tracks of Grey Podolic cattle
Aim
analyze of pedigree and genetic variability within Istrian Cattle → shaping breeding programmes and preserving strategies

4. Sulle tracce delle Podoliche – On the Tracks of Grey Podolic cattle
Geographical location of Istrian Cattle populations
Material & Methods
Pedigree information
data (1994 – 2008.)
ENDOG v4.5 program
Blood samples
51 unrelated animals
Fstat v2.9.3, GenePop 3.4., Bottleneck v program
30 microsatellites belong to the panel of the MoDAD marker sets recommended by FAO

5. Sulle tracce delle Podoliche – On the Tracks of Grey Podolic cattle
Results
Generation interval and number of herds contributing sires (HS), grand-sires (HSS), great-grandsires (HSSS) in Istrian cattle.
Generation interval
Number of herds
Pathway
Mean  SE
Actual
Effective
Father – son
5.803  0.396 HS 48
12.57
Father – daughter
5.811  0.363
HSS 21
4.01
Mother – son
7.313  0.375
HSSS 9
2.10
Mother – daughter
7.222  0.389
HSSSS 5
1.47
Total
6.526  0.134

6. Number of alleles (MNA), observed and expected heterozygosity (Ho, HE), polymorphism information content (PIC), fixation coefficient (FIS) at 30 microsatellites.
Marcatore
Locus
MNA HO HE
PIC
FIS
BM1818 7
0.765
0.708
0.673
-0.092
BM1824 4
0.529
0.571
0.479
0.082
BM2113
0.588
0.719
0.671
0.192**
CSRM60 9
0.745
0.787
0.759
0.063
CSSM66 10
0.557
0.540
0.041
ETH10 5
0.490
0.478
0.430
-0.015
ETH152 6
0.863
0.771
0.738
-0.110
ETH185
0.804
0.778
0.749
-0.065
ETH225
0.333
0.791
0.761
0.275*
ETH3
0.647
0.597
-0.074
HAUT24
0.569
0.651
0.600
0.136
HAUT27
0.353
0.605
0.579
0.025
HEL1
0.627
0.747
0.707
0.136*
HEL13
0.640
0.229
HEL5 8
0.780
0.750
-0.085
Marcatore
Locus
MNA HO HE
PIC
FIS
Mean
0.071***
0.617
0.656
0.589
6.6
Media
0.177
0.737
0.766
0.588 11
TGLA53
0.079
0.824
0.842
0.784 10
TGLA227
0.086
0.725
0.764
0.706 5
TGLA126
0.053
0.715
0.746
0.686 7
TGLA122
0.116
0.513
0.537
0.471 6
NCAM
-0.072
0.688 8
MM12
0.195
0.535
0.614
0.49
INRA063
0.197**
0.601
0.641
INRA037
0.428
0.451 4
INRA035
0.01
0.442
INRA032
0.166**
0.798
0.822
0.667
INRA023
0.146
0.584
0.658
0.569 3
INRA005
0.003
0.603
0.636
0.627 9
ILSTS006
0.241
0.122
0.13
0.098 2
ILSTS005
0.034
0.663
0.647
HEL9

7. Sulle tracce delle Podoliche – On the Tracks of Grey Podolic cattle
Estimates of average inbreeding and the average relatedness in Istrian cattle
Complete equivalent generations
Average F (%) in the whole pedigree
Average relatedness (AR) (%)
Inbred animals (%)
Average F (%) of inbred animals
1.78
2.38
3.58
8.71
16.03
low pedigree completeness
mating between relatives
high degree of relationships and migration
weaker pedigree completeness, more precision mating scheme

8. Sulle tracce delle Podoliche – On the Tracks of Grey Podolic cattle
absence of bottleneck using Wilcoxon test (TPM)

9. Sulle tracce delle Podoliche – On the Tracks of Grey Podolic cattle
Conclusions
Istrian cattle → did preserve part of genetic diversity
presence of inbreeding, with absence of bottleneck
unsystematic pedigree data → DNA testing
still endangered breed →
continuous monitoring of population parameters,
adjusting breeding program
preserving Istrian cattle breeds have to have high national and international priority

10. Acknowledgements:
We thank all breeders and Reproduction Center for providing samples as well as Croatian Agriculture Agency. The study of Croatian breeds was partly supported by the Ministry of Science, Education and Sports, Croatia.