1. Living in harmony with the environment in a precarious situation?
Example of Eastern Chad by Arnold Egli, Consultant for natural and renewable resources management with SHA and UNHCR

2. Chad 7 Mio habitants 110 different ethnically different populations
Land locked country
1‘280‘000 km2
main activities: live stock keeping, agriculture for subsistence and the market, cotton as a cash crop
Exploitation of petrol since July 2004
Important, not yet exploited gas resources
One of the poorest country in the world
Again affected by a drought and hunger!!!

3. East of Chad Land area: 60'000 km2 Border with Sudan 600 km
Local pop. density: < 4 h / km2
Big animals: 3.5 Mio
Rainfall: 0 and 600 mm, Irregular distribution

4. Refugee's Operation of UNHCR and contribution of SHA
approx. 220'000 refugees
60 -80‘000 IDP since 2006
First camp opens in January 2004, newest in April 2005
Camp size: 12 and 30'000 people
Camps equiped with nutrition center, first aid station, primary schools, police guard, community services,
Water supply: 11 to 18 l/p/d (drinking water quality)
Food supply approx kcal/p/d
Costs: 80 Mio US $ (2004); 55 US $ (2005); 40 Mio US $ (in 2006); 2011 ?
Contribution SHA - 1 site planner water specialist to 2010
- 1 environment specialist to and 2011

5. Zustand und Anfälligkeit der Ökosysteme (Sahel Tschad)
Nach Norden abnehmender Niederschlag und zunehmende Anfälligkeit des Ökosystems

6. Main Refugee’s Zones
12 camps répartis en 4 zones avec des caractéristiques propres
(unités d’analyse)

7. Main Challenges Drinking water Houshold Energy
Energy wood supply and saving
Energy wood substitution
Wood supply for light wood construction (eg. Roof)
Data basis on wood utilization (and supply)
Data basis on vegetation‘s develop. in the region
Environment managment practice
Healthy and well nourished animal
Security
Presence of development actors

8. Estimated Wood Production et Consumption at Eastern Chad
Zone
Chef lieu
Couvert forestier
Consommation de bois
Production accessible
Sans Economie
Economie Ref 20 / Loc -
Economie Ref 50 / Loc 50
Ratio C/P
t/an % 1
Bahai
3 960
11 714
296
9 779
247
5 857
148 2
Iriba, Guereda
40 703
54 623
134
49 736
122
27 312 67 3
Farchana
90 419
99 822
110
94 293
104
49 914 55 4
Goz Beida
56 557 44
53 813 42
28 279 22

9. Main activity since 2004 Wood collecting and distribution

10. Wood saving 1 Traditional fire place

11. Wood saving 2 … by improved mud stove

12. Wood saving 3 … and more of these wood saving stoves!
Metallic stove "Save80"
Metallic stove "Central African Stove„
Mud stove mobil

13. Wood saving 4 The new member of the group: AFRAH since 2011

14. Wood substitution 1 Briquettes of different materials
Cardboard, Doum kernel, mixture of…

15. Wood Substitution 2 Solar cookers – Different Types

16. Wood Substitution 3 Solar water heater

17. Wood substitution 4 Biogas digester/

18. Wood restoring activities 1 Tree production, planting and protection

19. Wood restoring activities 2 Forest land protection and managment

20. Main Challenges 2006 2011 Drinking water available +++
Houshold Energy available +
Energy wood supply and saving ++
Energy wood substitution (*)
Wood supply for light wood construction (eg. Roof)
Data basis on wood utilization (and supply) (*)
Data basis on vegetation‘s develop. in the region (*)
Environment managment practice (*)
Healthy and well nourished animal
Security
Presence of development actors

21. Estimated Wood Production et Consumption at Eastern Chad
Zone
Chef lieu
Couvert forestier
Consommation de bois
Production accessible
Sans Economie
Economie Ref 20 / Loc -
Economie Ref 50 / Loc 50
Ratio C/P
t/an % 1
Bahai
3 960
11 714
296
9 779
247
5 857
148 2
Iriba, Guereda
40 703
54 623
134
49 736
122
27 312 67 3
Farchana
90 419
99 822
110
94 293
104
49 914 55 4
Goz Beida
56 557 44
53 813 42
28 279 22

22. Thank you for your attention!
Sustainably yours!