1. Group F HJH NURHAFIZAH IZZATI HJ MARALI (11M8067) SYAZWINA BINTI HJ MAHMOD (11M8068) MAS HANI BINTI MURAH (11M8144) DIDINAWATI BINTI HJ ZUNAIDI (11M8131) SAFIAH BINTI HJ YAKUP (11M8129) research

2. Title of articlesPurpose of study MethodologyParticipants Data Analysis Definition of Case Study Research Type of Case Study Research How to conduct Case Study Research Strength and Limitation

3. Case Study 1 Graphing Calculators and Assessment: A Case Study Author: Jeyaletchumi Case Study 2 The Effectiveness of Peer Instruction and Structured Inquiry on Conceptual Understanding of Force and Motion: A Case Study in Thailand Authors: Decha Suppapittayaporn, Narumon Emarat, and Kwan Arayathanitkul Case Study 3 Allison: A Case Study of Spatial Visualization in Mathematical Problem Solving Author: Ho Siew Yin

4. Case Study 4 Using contact with nature, creativity and rituals as a therapeutic medium with children learning difficulties: a case study Author: Ronen Berger Case Study 5 Individualized education program team Decision: A preliminary Study of Conversations, Negotiations and Power Authors: Andrea L. Rupper and Janet S. Gaffney

5. Case Study 1 To justify the graphing calculator use is not just limited to calculation purposes only, but also enhances higher order thinking skills. Case Study 2 To investigate the effectiveness of learning activities on a conceptual change theoretical framework by embedding a peer instruction method with structured inquiry (PISI) on tenth grade students understanding of force and motion concepts. Case Study 3 The roles spatial visualization play as a tool for mathematical reasoning and its processes in problem solving. Interpretation of the problem solving behavior of a fourth grader, Allison, in her attempts to solve as a set of word problems which is of a non-figural but visually provoking nature.

6. Case study 4 To explore the impacts of nature therapy on children with learning difficulties. Case Study 5 To examine an Individualised Educational Program (IEP) meeting in-depth to understand how the interactions among team members might influence the decision-making process.

7. CS 1 Pre-test items of statistical introduction paper and post-test of improvised same items. CS 2 - Pre-test and post-test of using Force Motion Conceptual Evaluation (FMCE) - Intervention using PISI CS 3 Interviews CS 4 - Open-ended questionnaires - 3 hour interview CS 5 - Observation of the IEPs meeting - Interviews - Audio-recording (Meeting & Interviews) - Field note

8. CS 1 Students who enrolled in Introductory Statistics Course, USM, Penang CS 2 -Treatments group (45) - Control Group (54) - Ages between 14 – 15 years old CS 3 - 3 subjects interview of aged 10 in 4 th grade CS 4 CS 5 - 5 boys and 2 girls between the of aged 8 – 10 years old. - 5 year old boy - 11 members of IEP team

9. Analyzing the answers to the post-test items. CS 1 By looking into the mean scores of the pre-test and post-test Using the normalized gain to see the effectiveness of the intervention The Repeated Measures ANOVA to see if the FMCE performance of the two groups are significantly different CS 2 Analyzing from the interview of Allison. CS 3

10. By analyzing the of interview and questionnaire material. CS 4 By analyzing the transcript and field note. CS 5

11. SimilaritiesDifferences METHOD Majority of the articles used interview. There is the usage of one or more methodologies in one case study. PARTICIPANTS Majority of the articles participants is small in number. One paper have a large number of participants DATA ANALYSIS Majority of the articles used non-computerise analysis. One paper used computerise statistical analysis.

12. Title of articlesPurpose of study MethodologyParticipants Data Analysis Definition of Case Study Research Type of Case Study Research How to conduct Case Study Research Strength and Limitation

13. DEFINITION: Yin (1984): Case study research is an empirical inquiry that investigates a contemporary phenomenon within real-life context. Gillham (2000): A case study is one which investigates on individual or a community.

14. EXPLANATORY DESCRIPTIVE EXPLORATORY

15. Exploratory case studies set to explore any phenomenon in the data which serve as a point of interest to the researchers.

16. DESCRIPTIVE Descriptive case studies is to describe the natural phenomena which occur within the data in question.

17. EXPLANATORY Explanatory case studies examine the data closely both at a surface and deep level in order to explain the phenomena in the data.

19. They can help us understand complex inter- relationships Case studies facilitate the exploration of the unexpected and unusual Case Studies are grounded in lived reality

20. Very expensive, if attempted on a large scaleThe complexity examined is difficult to represent simply They do not lend themselves to numerical representation They cannot answer a large number of relevant and appropriate research questions

21. Berger, R. (2006). Using contact with nature. Creativity and rituals as a therapeutic medium with children with learning difficulties: a case study. Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties. Vol. 1, 2, 135-146. Decha Suppapittayaporn, Narumon Emarat, and Kwan Arayathanitkul (2010). The Effectiveness of Peer Instruction and Structured Inquiry on Conceptual Understanding of Force and Motion: A Case Study in Thailand. Research in Science and Technological Education. Vol.28 (1), 63-79. Gillham, B. (2000). Case Study Research Methods. London: Paston PrePress Ltd. Ho Siew Yin (2007). Allison: A Case Study of Spatial Visualization in Mathematical Problem Solving. EARCOME4, Universiti Sains Malaysia. Jeyaletchumi (2007). Graphing Calculators and Assessment : A Case Study. EARCOME4, Universiti Sains Malaysia. Palena Naela, Shyam Thapa. Preparing A case study: A Guide for Designing and conducting a case study for Evaluation Input. Retrieved on March 11, 2012 from http://www.pathfind.org/site/DocServer/m_e_tool_series_case_study.pdf http://www.pathfind.org/site/DocServer/m_e_tool_series_case_study.pdf Ruppar, A.L. & Gaffney, J.S. (2011). Individualized Education program Team Decisions: A Preliminary Study of Conversations, Negotiations, and Power. Research & Practice for Persons with Severe Disabilities. Vol.36 (1-2), 11-22. Zaidah Zainal (2007). Case Study as A Research Method. Jurnal Kemanusian. Vol. 9, 1-5.

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