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Installation of Incinerator Sangster International Airport Environmental Impact Assessment Presented by Eleanor Jones Environmental Solutions Ltd July 6, 2004
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THE PROJECT – CONTEXT AND RATIONALE Purpose built incinerator East of terminal building& 200 feet south of runway Covers area of about 650 ft² - compacted marl surface Requirement of IFC/World Bank/MBJ Improve Solid Waste Management Health Implications – international and domestic waste Control rummaging - Scavengers from outside compound, Bird Hazard
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The Waste Stream 2001 Survey 1680 kg/day – intl waste 0.181kg/passenger/day Combustible fraction – 83%
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TYPE OF WASTEINTERNATIONAL WASTE % Paper 34.4 Plastic 24.7 Vegetable matter 24.2 Glass 9.0 Metal 7.2 Unclassified 0.5
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The EIA Approach Project description Receiving Environment Legislative & regulatory Context Potential Impacts Mitigation Measures Analysis of alternatives Outline Monitoring Plan Outline Emergency Response Plan
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PROJECT DESCRIPTION Scanship Environmental AS and consists of a multichamber incinerator that uses a semi-pyrolitic two stage cumbustion Main components of the incinerator system consists of a garbage shredder, silo feeding conveyor screw, garbage silo, incinerator, flue gas fan and emission stack
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EXISTING ENVIRONMENT- PHYSICAL Short duration torrential downpours characteristic of Montego Bay Wind direction - diurnal variation Daytime - from the northeastern sector Night from southeast
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EXISTING ENVIRONMENT- BIOLOGICAL Highly altered ecology – site & situation of airport environment Site adjacent to highly degraded, isolated wetland – remnant of old coastal vegetation Robust bird life in wetlands and ponds Airport site adjacent to Montego Bay Marine Park
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EXISTING ENVIRONMENT- SOCIAL Airport environment – visitor population and airport staff. Communities on northern fringe – Whitehouse, Sandals, Southern extent – Flankers, mixed commercial establishments, north coast main road
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TERMS OF REFERENCE – KEY ISSUES Site preparation and Construction phase site clearance (burnt garbage) material sourcing and storage, dust control, construction site management, synergy with on-going expansion work
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…Key Issues - Operation Phase Waste collection, sorting,transport, loading Ash handling and disposal HazMat Air dispersion modeling – ambient air quality and public health in the airshed Occupational Health and Safety issues Focus on So x, No x, particulates( TSP,PM10 ), PAPS – dioxins and furans Environmental Monitoring Plan Emergency Response Plan
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APPROACH TO STUDY Multidisciplinary team Charette style investigation and analysis Review of existing documentation Field investigations & analysis Air dispersion modeling Public presentation
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LEGISLATIVE AND REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS Local and International NEPA – Draft air Regs Public Health Airport Operations Waste handling NSWMA – Ash handling and Landfill guidelines
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AIR QUALITY SCREENING MODEL NEPA requirements – Screening Initial assessment of emission levels and range of dispersion Compliance with local a/q standards If compliant – no further modeling If non-compliant – recommendations for a/q control device(s) If major disparity – then detailed dispersion modeling
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SCREENING MODEL ScreenView Software Basic Inputs Emission stack configuration,i.e. height, internal diameter for respective incinerator Emission characteristics,i.e. flue gas flow rate, temperature Emission rates of pollutants (USEPA emission factors)
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Input-Output Flow Chart
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Findings Parameters Emission Rates, g / s Emission Rates mg / m 3 Emission Standards mg / m 3 Particulate Matter 0.217152.5200 Carbon Monoxide 0.019 13.3100 Sulphur Dioxide 0.204143.6300
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Other Parameters – Ambient Air Quality No x HCL Arsenic Cadmium Chromium Mercury Nickel CDD/CDF
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…Findings All parameters in compliance with AAQS and PAPs EXCEPT Furans Dioxins REQUIRES Air Pollution Control (APC) Device NAAQG (2x10 -8 ) µg/m 3
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Results with APC Installed PollutantPredicted Ambient Impact, ug / m 3 ( Annual ) Uncontrolled 2.35 x 10 -6 CDD / CDF ( Fabric Filter only ) 1.88 x 10 -7 CDD / CDF ( Dry Sorbent Injection / Fabric Filter ) 1.17 x 10 -8 NAAQG (2x10 -8 ) µg/m 3
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POTENTIAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION Air Quality Solid Waste Management Public Health and Safety
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AIRSHED MAP
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IMPACTS & MITIGATION AIR QUALITY ISSUES MITIGATION MEASURES CONSTRUCTION PHASE Dust Emissions from transport & storage of construction materials Covering trucks & material stockpiles Use of dust masks by workers OPERATION PHASE Stack emissions - SO X, NO X PAPs and particulates Model indicates these parameters within acceptable limits. Air pollution control devices - Furans and dioxins comply with the national standards. Scheduled Maintenance & operation
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IMPACTS AND MITIGATION WASTE MANAGEMENT Construction Debris Worker generated waste Separation & storage Removal by certified contractors HazMat handling Training re worker disposal of packaging etc. Chemical toilets & proper disposal
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...WASTE MANAGEMENT Operation Collection, transport, sorting, loading of waste to incinerator Ash generation, removal and disposal Scavenging Procedures established NSWMA guidelines – Containerize ash Separate special /medical waste-get NSWMA and Min Health approval for this component Security to guard against scavenging
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ALTERNATIVES No Action Not an option Alternative Incinerator AAJ selection after due diligence – purpose built to meet specs Alternative Sites Disposal Method - Health guidelines incineration of international waste. Landfill exposure Burial on site – impractical
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MONITORING PLAN Ensure compliance with relevant legislation, implementation of the mitigation measures and long-term minimization of negative environmental impacts. Programme of stack emission testing including medium term monitoring provisions. Comprehensive Waste Management Plan- various aspects of the incinerator operations. Include Emergency Response Plan- specific procedures for dealing with natural and man-made emergencies.
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