3. Do you want to know the difference between salt and sugar? Complete this lesson and you will know the answer. You will also be able to identify ionic compounds and covalent compounds! NaCl C 12 H 22 O 11

4. Table of contents Metals and Nonmetals Review of Ionic and Covalent Compounds Review of Ionic and Covalent Compounds Covalent Compounds Ionic Compounds Where do you want to go?

5. Metals are found on the left side of the Periodic Table (See the stairstep… metals are on the left) Metals are solid (except for Mercury) Metals tend to be malleable and have high melting points Metals are mostly grayish in color, but can be colorful Metals give away electrons in order to make compounds with nonmetals Metals will not bond with other metals

6. Nonmetals are found on the right side of the Periodic Table (To the right of the stairstep) Nonmetals can be solid, liquid, or gas Nonmetals tend to be brittle and have low melting points Nonmetals come in many colors Nonmetals take on electrons in order to make compounds with metals Nonmetals will share electrons to make compound with other nonmetals

7. Now that you have learned where the metals and the nonmetals are located on the periodic table, lets do a quick check! Which of the following is a metal?

8. Thats not quite right. Lets go back and look at each side of that stairstep again! Youll get it! Try again! Dont Give Up!

9. Yes!!! Tungsten, sometimes spelled tungstun, is a transition metal. It is located in the middle of the periodic table.

10. Ok, so you got that one. Now answer this one! Which of the following is a nonmetal?

11. Thats not quite right. Lets go back and look at each side of that stairstep again! Youll get it! Try again! Dont Give Up!

12. Yes!!! Xenon is a special nonmetal. It is part of the Noble Gases. It will not react with anything in nature!

13. Now lets look at Ionic compounds! Ionic compounds are formed when a metal bonds with a nonmetal. You can say they form across the stairstep. The nonmetals want to take the electrons from the metals. The metals want to give up their electrons, too. They become charged with a + or a – charge. They become attracted to each other like magnets!

14. Look at these examples, and see if you can locate the metal and nonmetal in each! CaCO 3 CuO MgCl 2 Fe 2 O 3 (aka rust) CaCl 2

15. Now that you know all about ionic compounds, lets see if you can answer this: Is Ag 2 O ionic? Yes No

16. Do you remember which side of the periodic table they are each on? Do you remember what kinds of elements bond to make an ionic compound? Go back and review. Then try again. I know you can do it! Metal + nonmetal

17. Ag is Silver and a metal O is Oxygen and a nonmetal So YES this is ionic!

18. Maybe that was too easy! Try this one! Which compound is ionic? Carbon Dioxide CO 2 Zinc Chloride ZnCl 2

19. Go back and review. Then try again. I know you can do it! Do you remember which side of the periodic table they are each on? Do you remember what kinds of elements bond to make an ionic compound? Metal + nonmetal

20. Zn is zinc and a metal Cl 2 is Chlorine and a nonmetal So YES ZnCl 2 is the ionic choice!!

21. So now its time to look at Covalent Compounds!! Covalent compounds are formed when a nonmetal bonds with another nonmetal. You can say they form on the same side of the stairstep (And the lone H on the other side!). The nonmetals will come together and share electrons in order to bond. There can be single, double, and triple bonds. There are 7 special diatomic elements that are always in pairs: Br 2, I 2, N 2, Cl 2, H 2, O 2, F 2 (Think Mr. Brinclhof)

22. Look at these examples, and see if you name all of the nonmetals that make them up! H2OH2O CH 4

23. Now lets see what you know! Which of these common compounds is the Covalent one? H 2 O 2 Hydrogen Peroxide NaHCO 3 Baking Soda

24. nonmetal + nonmetal Go back and review. Then try again. I know you can do it! Do you remember which side of that stairstep the elements are on? Do you remember what kinds of elements bond to make a covalent compound?

25. YES! Even though the H is on the other side of the stairstep, it is still a nonmetal! Hydrogen Peroxide is used to clean your cuts. The bubbles are the Oxygen being released!

26. Can you handle one more about covalent compounds? Is Candle wax (C 25 H 52 ) Covalent? Yes No

27. Go back and review. Then try again. I know you can do it! Do you remember which side of that stairstep the elements are on? Do you remember what kinds of elements bond to make a covalent compound? nonmetal + nonmetal

28. YES! Again, that H can be tricky, but you got it! Candle wax will melt to a liquid and burn as a gas. Only covalent compounds can be liquid or gas!

29. Now its time to review Ionic and Covalent compounds together! Remember… Ionic compounds are formed from a metal and a nonmetal. They give up and take on electrons in order to bond! Covalent compounds form from two nonmetals joining together and sharing their electrons to bond!

30. Time for your final set of questions! There are 4 questions left to test if you can determine if a compound is ionic or covalent! Click on the button with the Covalent Compound in it.! BaCl 2 H2OH2O NaOH CaO

31. Go back and try that one again!

32. So Far So Good!!! Thats 1 for 1! Go on to the next question!

33. There are only 3 questions left to test if you can determine if a compound is ionic or covalent! Click on the box with the Ionic Compound in it.! H2OH2O BaCl 2 CO 2 C 3 H 7 OH

34. Go back and try that one again!

35. So Far So Good!!! Thats 2 for 2! Go on to question 3!

36. Now we are going to step it up a bit! Click on the combination that is WRONG! CaCl 2 is Covalent H 2 O is Covalent AlBr 3 is Ionic Mn 2 O 3 is Ionic

37. Go back and try that one again!

38. So Far So Good!!! Thats 3 for 3! 100%!!!! Go on to the last question!

39. So for the final question…… Do you know the difference between salt and sugar? NaCl C 12 H 22 O 11 Click the correct statement: Salt is covalent and sugar is ionic Salt is ionic and sugar is covalent

40. OH!!! You were so close!!! Go back and try again!