2. Gas Laws Mrs. T. Miller Enter presentation

3. Boyles Law References Algebra Review Author Biography Charles Law Gay-Lussacs Law Combined Gas Law

4. References Microsoft Office Clip Art http://www.chemistry.mtu.edu/~pcharles/SCIHISTORY/Boyle.html http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/boyle_robert.shtml http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SRCYjrLlN9o http://www.chemteam.info/GasLaw/Gas-Charles.html http://www.centennialofflight.gov/essay/Dictionary/Charles/DI16.htm http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/thermo/balloon.html#c1 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Louis_Gay-Lussac http://chemconnections.org/Java/molecules/ http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/gas-properties http://office.microsoft.com http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YKivPSVGpsw http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lfNJJEdKgLU http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mpC5zlmtm-g http://vimeo.com/2050118 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yk71GY02diY

5. About the Author Mrs. Miller Chemistry Teacher NHS Advisor Science Club Advisor Science Department Chairperson Visit my Teacher Webpage My son

6. Algebra Review Solve for x: 5x = 23 *Divide both sides by 5 5x = 23 5 5 x = 4.6 Solve for x: 2 = 13 x 7 *Simplify right side; x must come out of the denominator *Multiply both sides by x x * 2 = 1.86 * x x 2 = 1.86x *Divide both sides by 1.86 x = 1.1 OR use CROSS MULTIPLY AND DIVIDE technique

7. Boyles Law - History Robert Boyle (1627-1691) Designed the vacuum chamber / air pump with Robert Hooke One of first prominent scientists to perform controlled experiments and publish detailed procedures and the results of his work. Watch through 1:43

8. Boyles Law – Data Analysis Volume (mL)Pressure (atm) 2.33.7 4.13.1 6.52.4 7.22.1 8.81.6

9. Boyles Law - Summary By the data, the relationship between Volume and Pressure is: Inversely proportional

10. Boyles Law - Equation P 1 V 1 = P 2 V 2 Initial Pressure Initial Volume New Pressure Click slide to determine what each variable stands for…

11. Boyles Law Practice Problem #1: A gas begins with a volume of 25.0 mL and a pressure of 3.2 atm. What is the new pressure when the volume becomes 34.2 mL? 2.3 atm0.4 atm Solve and click the answer you think is correct… Go back to Equation

12. That is correct! Go to Question 2

13. That is incorrect Go back to Question 1

14. Boyles Law Practice Problem #2: What was the original volume of a gas if the pressure changes from 8.9 atm to 4.5 atm when the gas expands to 34.5 mL? 68.2 mL17.4 mL Solve and click the answer you think is correct… Go back to Equation

15. That is correct! Charles Law

16. That is incorrect Go back to Question 2

17. Charles Law - History Jacques Charles (1746-1823) Inventor of the hydrogen- filled balloon

18. Charles Law – Data Analysis Temp ( 0 C)Temp (K)Volume (mL) 02732.6 242972.8 513243.2 753483.5 943673.7

19. Charles Law - Summary By the data, the relationship between Volume and Temperature is: Directly proportional

20. Charles Law - Equation Initial Volume Initial Temperature (must be in Kelvin!) New Volume New Temperature (must be in Kelvin!) Click slide to determine what each variable stands for…

21. Charles Law Practice Problem #1: A gas begins with a volume of 25.0 mL at a temperature of 25 o C. What is the new volume when the temperature becomes 55 o C? 55.0 mL27.5 mL Solve and click the answer you think is correct… Go back to Equation

22. That is correct! Go to Question 2

23. That is incorrect Go back to Question 1

24. Charles Law Practice Problem #2: If a gas begins at a volume of 32.5 mL at a temperature of 75 o C, what temperature is needed to change the volume to 15.1 mL? -273 o C-111 o C Solve and click the answer you think is correct… Go back to Equation

25. That is correct! Gay-Lussacs Law

26. That is incorrect Go back to Question 2

27. Gay-Lussacs Law - History Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac (1778-1850) In addition to his work with gases, Gay-Lussac is credited for identifying iodine as an element Click on the button to the left to go to a gas simulation activity. Vary the temperature and see how pressure changes. Vary the pressure and see how temperature changes!

28. Gay-Lussacs Law – Data Analysis Temperature (K)Pressure (atm) 2000.75 225 1.4 300 2.1 380 3.5 450 4.6

29. Gay-Lussacs Law - Summary By the data, the relationship between Pressure and Temperature is: Directly proportional

30. Gay-Lussacs Law - Equation Initial Pressure Initial Temperature (must be in Kelvin!) New Pressure New Temperature (must be in Kelvin!) Click slide to determine what each variable stands for…

31. Gay-Lussacs Law Practice Problem #1: If the temperature of a gas is 25 o C and the pressure is 1.1 atm, what is the new pressure at 50 o C? 2.2 atm1.2 atm Solve and click the answer you think is correct… Go back to Equation

32. That is correct! Go to Question 2

33. That is incorrect Go back to Question 1

34. Gay-Lussacs Law Practice Problem #2: If a gas has a pressure of 760 mmHg at 15 o C, to what temperature should the gas be changed if you want a pressure of 700 mmHg? 14 o C-8 o C Solve and click the answer you think is correct… Go back to Equation

35. That is correct! Combined Gas Law

36. That is incorrect Go back to Question 2

37. Combined Gas Law A combination of Boyles, Charles and Gay- Lussacs Laws Includes all three variables – Temperature, Volume and Pressure Go to http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/gas-properties. Choose run. When the program opens, pump some gas into the container, adjust the volume by clicking and dragging the handle on the left. Then adjust the temperature using the heat control at the bottom. Observe how the pressure changes with each of these adjustments.http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/gas-properties

38. Combined Gas Law A combination of Boyles, Charles and Gay- Lussacs Laws Temperatures must still be in Kelvin units!

39. Combined Gas Law This is the only equation you really need to memorize! Click to watch… If temperature is constant… If Pressure is constant… If Volume is constant…

40. Combined Gas Law Practice Problem #1: A gas has a temperature of 295K, a volume of 25 mL and pressure of 760 mmHg. What is the new volume when the temperature changes to 340K and 800 mmHg? 0.04 mL27.4 mL Go back to Equation

41. That is correct! Go to Question 2

42. That is incorrect Go back to Question 1

43. Combined Gas Law Practice Problem #2: A gas has a temperature of 25 o C, a volume of 500 mL mL and pressure of 3.2 atm. What is the new temperature if the volume changes to 200 mL and the pressure changes to 2.3 atm? -187 o C86 o C Go back to Equation

44. That is correct!

45. That is incorrect Go back to Question 2

46. SUMMARY Watch the following video clips. Be sure to understand WHY the results occurred… Congratulations! You have completed the project!!