1. Escaping the Valley of Death
Robert M Frederickson 
Molecular Therapy 
Volume 20, Issue 3, Pages (March 2012)
DOI: /mt
Copyright © 2012 The American Society of Gene & Cell Therapy Terms and Conditions

2. Figure 1
Development of complex biological therapies (CBTs). The “valley of death” refers to the critical period between preclinical validation and clinical evaluation of CBTs, as a result of the drop-off in academic funding and the complex regulatory requirements. Courtesy of Malcolm K. Brenner, Baylor College of Medicine.
Molecular Therapy  , DOI: ( /mt )
Copyright © 2012 The American Society of Gene & Cell Therapy Terms and Conditions