1. Business Process Modelling -8.2/2013 -
ITN286 - Process Engineering and EWS
Lecture - 4 March 1999
Business Process Modelling -8.2/2013 -
Marcello La Rosa
Queensland University of Technology
Brisbane, 12 September 2013
QUT Brisbane, Dr. Michael Rosemann

2. Mid-semester survey: your words, our actions…
INB/INN320 – Business Process Modelling
Lecture – 17 August 2009
Mid-semester survey: your words, our actions…
Generally, very positive comments. A few notes worth commenting:
Too many readings: read the required readings, the others are for your own culture and interest
Use of Signavio: not mandatory
Tutorial notes online late: usually on Friday, we will strive to put them up on Thursday after the class
Assignment specification came up too early, content not yet fully covered: the idea is that you build your report incrementally rather than being confronted with a lot of content altogether. No self-study required. Do not anticipate content!
Audio quality poor: AV Support notified.
THU 8pm tutorial inconvenient: moved to S502 at 5pm for Weeks Week 13 in S503 at 8pm.
QUT Brisbane, Dr. Jan Recker

3. Tutorials attendance rate
Raffaele, Eike, Stephan
Time
Mon
Tue
Wed
Thu
Fri
9am
 S502 (10)
10am
S518 (10)
11am
12am
1pm
 S506 (20)
S503 (25), S506 (10)
2pm
S507 (20)
3pm
S410 – LECT
4pm
5pm
S502 (35) NEW!
6pm
7pm
8pm
S503 (30)
S503 (35)

4. INB/INN320 – Business Process Modelling
Lecture – 20 July 2009
Quick Repeat from Week 7
What splits and joins can be represented implicitly in BPMN?
What is a sub-process?
How can we model repetition in BPMN?
What is a multi-instance task?
QUT Brisbane, Dr. Michael Rosemann

5. Uncontrolled Repetition: Ad-hoc sub-process
The ad-hoc sub-process contains activities (tasks or sub-processes) to be executed in arbitrary order and time
May define order of sub-set of activities by sequence flow
Can be used in an early version of a process diagram when the order of execution is still unknown
Denoted with a tilde marker on the expanded sub-process notation

6. Example: ad-hoc sub-process
A typical army selection process starts by shortlisting all candidates’ applications. Those shortlisted are then called to sit the following tests: drug and alcohol, eye, color vision, hearing, blood, urine, weight, fingerprinting and doctor examination. The color vision can only be done after the eye test, while the doctor examination can only be done after color vision, hearing, blood, urine and weight have been tested. Moreover, it may be required for some candidates to repeat some of these tests multiple times in order to get a correct assessment, e.g. the blood test may need be repeated if the candidate has taken too much sugar in the previous 24 hours. The candidates that pass all tests are asked to sit a mental exam and a physical exam, followed by an interview. Only those that also pass these two exams and perform well in the interview can be recruited in the army.

7. Solution: ad-hoc sub-process

8. ITN286 - Process Engineering and EWS
Lecture - 4 March 1999
Value chain modelling
Chain of (high-level) processes an organisation performs in order to achieve a business goal, e.g. deliver a product or service to the market.
Business
process
“is predecessor of”
QUT Brisbane, Dr. Michael Rosemann

9. Linking value chains with process models
INB/INN320 – Business Process Modelling
Lecture – 20 July 2009
Linking value chains with process models
Process model for this business process is available
QUT Brisbane, Dr. Michael Rosemann

10. INB/INN320 – Business Process Modelling
Lecture – 17 August 2009
BPMN Modelling - Events Handling -
QUT Brisbane, Dr. Jan Recker

11. Event types

12. Event types (cont.’ed)

13. Message and Timer events
Modelling Exceptions

14. Example: message event
Start event
(receive)
Intermediate catching event
(receive)
End event
(send)

15. Comparison with sending/receiving tasks=
Is this really the same? = = =

16. So, when to use what?
Use message events only when the corresponding activity would simply send or receive a message and do nothing else

17. Example: timer event Start event Intermediate catching event
Activities must always have input and output Sequence Flow

18. Find the bugs… Start Message Events cannot signal message sending
Each Pool (white box) must have one start and one end event
Normal Flow cannot be used to pass on
Data Objects
Start Timer instead of Intermediate Timer
Timer events cannot be used to wait for messages
Tasks cannot lead only to Exception Flow

19. A possible solution…

20. Example: modelling with events
A Purchase Order (PO) handling process starts when a PO is received. The PO is first registered. If the current date is not a working day, the process waits until the following working day before proceeding. Otherwise, an availability check is performed and a “PO response” is sent back to the customer.

21. Example: modelling with events
A Purchase Order (PO) handling process starts when a PO is received. The PO is first registered. If the current date is not a working day, the process waits until the following working day before proceeding. Otherwise, an availability check is performed and a “PO response” is sent back to the customer.
Anytime after the PO has been registered, the customer may send a “PO change request”. When such a PO change request is received, any processing related to the PO must be stopped. The PO change request is then registered. Thereafter, the process proceeds as it would do after a normal PO is registered.

22. Solution: modelling with events

23. Alternative solution
Is it really right?

24. Quiz: what’s wrong with this model?
INB/INN320 – Business Process Modelling
Lecture – 20 July 2009
Quiz: what’s wrong with this model?
QUT Brisbane, Dr. Michael Rosemann

25. Event-based decision
With the XOR-split gateway, a branch is chosen based on conditions that evaluate over available data
 The choice can be made immediately after the token arrives from the incoming flow
Sometimes, the choice must be delayed until an event happens
 The choice is based on a race among events
This is why BPMN distinguishes data-driven and event-driven XOR-splits
data-driven XOR-split
event-driven XOR split

26. Example: event-based decision
Restaurants submit orders to suppliers to replenish their food stocks every Thursday. The process for completing an order starts when a restaurant receives either a “PO Response” or an error message. However it may also happen that no response is received at all. If no response is received by Friday afternoon or if an error message is received, the purchasing officer should be notified. Otherwise, the PO Response is processed normally.

27. A possible solution

28. Quiz: find the bugs
not Intermediate Timer Event

29. Solution: event-based decision

30. Remember the quiz from slide 23?
INB/INN320 – Business Process Modelling
Lecture – 20 July 2009
Remember the quiz from slide 23?
QUT Brisbane, Dr. Michael Rosemann

31. Interlude: multiple start events
The first such event that occurs, will trigger an instance of the process.

32. What is this process doing?

33. Recap: Events

34. BPMN Poster: get it from blackboard!
INB.INN321 – Business Process Management
Lecture – 15 April 2010
BPMN Poster: get it from blackboard!
QUT Brisbane, Dr Jan Recker

35. INB.INN321 – Business Process Management
Lecture – 15 April 2010
References
Required
Sections of Chapter 4 of textbook “Fundamentals of BPM”
Recommended
OMG (2011): BPMN 2.0 Specification
BPM Offensive (2011): BPMN 2.0 Poster
OGM (2010): BPMN 2.0 By Example
Web References
OMG BPM Initiative
BPMN Community
Books on BPMN
Silver B. (2011): “BPMN Method & Style” 2nd Edition, Cody-Cassidy
QUT Brisbane, Dr Jan Recker

36. A/Prof. Marcello La Rosa IS School Academic Director (Corporate Programs and Partnerships) BPM Discipline, IS School
Science & Engineering Faculty Queensland University of Technology 126 Margaret Street Brisbane QLD 4000 Australia
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