1. Fig. 1 ZIKV-related flaviviruses cause fetal demise in mice that can be prevented by mAb treatment.
ZIKV-related flaviviruses cause fetal demise in mice that can be prevented by mAb treatment. Wild-type pregnant dams were inoculated subcutaneously on embryonic day 6.5 (E6.5) by footpad injection with 102 focus-forming units (FFU) of West Nile virus (WNV) or 103 FFU of Powassan virus (POWV), chikungunya virus (CHIKV), Mayaro virus (MAYV), or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (mock), and tissues were harvested on either E13.5 or E18.5, as indicated. (A to C) Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis of viral RNA (vRNA) burden on E13.5 in the placenta (A), fetal head (B), and maternal spleen (C). (D) Fetal survival as assessed on E18.5. (E) Photograph of littermate mock- and WNV-infected fetuses at E18.5. (F) Interferon (IFN)–stimulated gene (ISG) mRNA expression as measured by qRT-PCR from placenta and fetal head on E13.5 after E6.5 inoculation with WNV, POWV, CHIKV, or MAYV. (G to H) Pregnant mice were inoculated subcutaneously with WNV (102 FFU) via footpad injection on E6.5 and then treated on E8.5 with a single intraperitoneal injection of 300 μg of anti-WNV monoclonal antibody (mAb) (humanized E16) or isotype control mAb (anti-CHIKV human mAb 4N12) at E8.5. Fetal heads and placentas were harvested on E13.5 for viral titer measurement by qRT-PCR (G) or on E18.5 to assess fetal survival (H). Antibody treatment experiments are pooled from three independent experiments with one to two pregnant female dams per experiment. vRNA burden and ISG expression data represent the means ± SEM for at least n = 6 tissues per group from four or five infected dams in at least two independent experiments. Each data point represents a biological replicate. In (A) to (C) and (F), data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). In (G), data were analyzed by Mann-Whitney test (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, and ****P < ). The n for survival data is indicated above each bar. Survival data were analyzed by χ2 test (****P < ).
Derek J. Platt et al., Sci Transl Med 2018;10:eaao7090
Published by AAAS