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Left renal vein transposition for nutcracker syndrome

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1 Left renal vein transposition for nutcracker syndrome
Nanette R. Reed, MD, Manju Kalra, MBBS, Thomas C. Bower, MD, Terri J. Vrtiska, MD, Joseph J. Ricotta, MD, Peter Gloviczki, MD  Journal of Vascular Surgery  Volume 49, Issue 2, Pages (February 2009) DOI: /j.jvs Copyright © 2009 The Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

2 Fig 1 A, Diagramatic representation of the nutcracker syndrome with extrinsic compression of the left renal vein (LRV) by the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) at its junction with the inferior vena cava (IVC), causing dilatation of the peripheral LRV. B, Diagramatic representation of the disconnection of the LRV from the IVC, oversewing of its orifice and the caudal transposition with an end-to-side anastomosis with the IVC. Journal of Vascular Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.jvs ) Copyright © 2009 The Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

3 Fig 2 A, Computerized tomography (CT scan) of the abdomen in a 20-year-old male patient with left flank pain and varicocele of 1 year duration. Extrinsic compression of the left renal vein (LRV) by the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) seen on axial image. B, Sagittal view of abdominal CT scan showing LRV compression by the SMA. C, Intraoperative photograph of LRV transposition. A side-biting clamp is applied on the IVC across the LRV orifice. The LRV is disconnected from the inferior vena cava (IVC) and the orifice oversewn. D, The completed procedure showing caudal transposition of the LRV (arrow). Journal of Vascular Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.jvs ) Copyright © 2009 The Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

4 Fig 3 A, Computerized tomography (CT scan) of the abdomen in a 30-year-old female patient with left flank pain of 1 year duration. Atretic and thrombosed left renal vein (LRV) (arrow) secondary to extrinsic compression by the superior mesenteric artery (SMA). B, Intraoperative photograph showing the abnormal, thickened LRV. Intraoperative LRV/ inferior vena cava (IVC) pressure gradient was 8 mm Hg. C, Intraluminal view showing the stenotic segment of LRV with organized thrombus. Inset shows organized thrombus removed by end-venectomy. D, The completed procedure following end-venectomy, saphenous vein patch venoplasty, and caudal transposition. Journal of Vascular Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.jvs ) Copyright © 2009 The Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

5 Fig 4 A, Retrograde venography in a 32-year-old male patient with left flank pain and gross hematuria for 1 year. The left renal vein (LRV) is partially compressed by the superior mesenteric artery (SMA). A LRV/inferior vena cava (IVC) pressure difference of 5 mm Hg was recorded. No collaterals were seen between the point of compression and the kidney. B, Retrograde venography in a 40-year-old female patient with left flank pain and gross hematuria for 6 months. The LRV is compressed by the SMA. A LRV/IVC pressure difference of 4 mm Hg was recorded. Extensive draining collaterals were seen around the compressed region. This patient had recurrent hematuria following flank trauma after remaining asymptomatic for 5 years postoperatively. Journal of Vascular Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.jvs ) Copyright © 2009 The Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

6 Fig 5 Management algorithm.
Journal of Vascular Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.jvs ) Copyright © 2009 The Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions


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