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Fifteen years of ultrasound guidance in regional anaesthesia: Part 1
P. Marhofer, W. Harrop-Griffiths, S.C. Kettner, L. Kirchmair British Journal of Anaesthesia Volume 104, Issue 5, Pages (May 2010) DOI: /bja/aeq069 Copyright © 2010 The Author(s) Terms and Conditions
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Fig 1 Measurement of the cross-sectional area of the ulnar nerve with ultrasound. British Journal of Anaesthesia , DOI: ( /bja/aeq069) Copyright © 2010 The Author(s) Terms and Conditions
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Fig 2 The sciatic nerve (SN) at the mid-femoral level partly surrounded by local anaesthetic, resulting in a successful block. The homogenous hypoechoic (dark) zone represents the local anaesthetic (LA). British Journal of Anaesthesia , DOI: ( /bja/aeq069) Copyright © 2010 The Author(s) Terms and Conditions
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Fig 3 Comparison of an ultrasound image of the interscalene brachial plexus (the arrows indicate the C5–7 nerve roots; SCM, sternocleidomastoid muscle; ASM, anterior scalene muscle; MCM, median scalenus muscle) with two different qualities. (a) Illustration from 2004; (b) most recent illustration with improved image quality due to speckle suppression. British Journal of Anaesthesia , DOI: ( /bja/aeq069) Copyright © 2010 The Author(s) Terms and Conditions
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Fig 4 Ultrasonographic illustration of the brachial plexus (indicated by white arrows) at the supraclavicular level, adjacent to the cervical pleura (indicated by grey arrows). SA, Subclavian artery. British Journal of Anaesthesia , DOI: ( /bja/aeq069) Copyright © 2010 The Author(s) Terms and Conditions
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Fig 5 Cross-sectional ultrasound view of the brachial plexus at the interscalene level in which the C5 root is located within the anterior scalene muscle (ASM; right side, medial). British Journal of Anaesthesia , DOI: ( /bja/aeq069) Copyright © 2010 The Author(s) Terms and Conditions
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Fig 6 Cross-sectional ultrasound view of the brachial plexus at the interscalene level in which the C5 root is located outside the interscalene groove (SCM, sternocleidomastoid muscle; ASM; right side, medial). British Journal of Anaesthesia , DOI: ( /bja/aeq069) Copyright © 2010 The Author(s) Terms and Conditions
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