1. IOM International Organization for Migration OIM Organización Internacional para las Migraciones MIGRATION AND DEVELOPMENT FROM THE IOM PERSPECTIVE Washington DC., December 2008 Günther Müssig

2. 2 MIGRATION DEVELOPMENT Labor Migration Cross-border labor migration, produces an effective exchange between countries and people. Mobility, Mobility, Remmittance transfers, Remmittance transfers, Quality of life. Quality of life. TRANSNATIONALISM Process that preserves the migrants link between both her/his country of origin and destination. Nostalgic trade, Nostalgic trade, Telecommunications, Telecommunications, Tourism, Tourism, Investments. Investments. NATIONAL INTEGRATION Acknowledgement of migrant rights in the country of destination. Residence Residence Participation in economic, polítical, cultural, and other activities. Participation in economic, polítical, cultural, and other activities. Citizenship Citizenship

3. 3 DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVES DEVELOPMENT IN COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN Migrants initiatives: 1 ) Remmittances; 2) Social, political, and economic associations of migrants abroad Initiatives of countries of origin: 1 ) Development initiatives that link migrants and non-migrants; 2) Aid to migrants abroad. Support from governments of destination countries: 1) Organized Migration Programs

4. 4 COLOMBIA-SPAIN TEMPORARY AND CIRCULAR WORK MIGRATION PROGRAM In December 2006 the IOM initiated, with the financial support of the AENEAS program of the European Union, and in collaboration with the Pegasus Union (UP) and the Fundación Agricultores Solidarios (FAS), in order to consolidate and replicate this model, initially developed since 2001 by UP and FAS. The program is conceived to be for co-development, seeking to benefit peasants so that they may travel to the region of Cataluña (Spain) Average length of contract is 6 months. WORKERS WHO TRAVELED TO SPAINTOTAL20072008 Total workers who traveled2,9041,5191,385 Total workers from previous year (2007)800- Total new workers per year2,1041,519585

5. 5 CIRCULARITY 129 295 814 66% 131 117 203 53% 80 37% 0 215 324 668 1,263 2,252 3,200 195 388 740 1,237 1,558 149 537 128 269 443 60% 100 92 102 52% 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 1,800 2,000 2,200 2,400 2,600 2,800 3,000 3,200 2002200320042005200620072008 Increase Number of Workers Workers from previous years New workers per year

6. 6 TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGY TO WORKERS

7. 7 PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION COMPARISON OF THE VOLUME OF PROFIT OBTAINED BY WORKERS: TERM 2005-2007 DISTRIBUTION OF EXPENSES Percentage 2005 Percentage 2007 Difference 2007- 2005 TOTAL100.0 Housing construction45.310.5-34.8 Debt payment (Travel)10.8 0.0 Basic needs9.815.45.6 Housing expansion7.84.3-3.5 Clothing and shoes5.54.1-1.4 Furniture and appliances4.51.8-2.7 Education3.82.3-1.5 Land and/or housing3.412.99.5 Savings3.131.928.8 Health3.11.9-1.2 Other expenses2.80.4-2.4 Agricultural tool0.11.00.9 Cars0.02.1 Culture and recreation0.00.6

8. IOM International Organization for Migration OIM Organización Internacional para las Migraciones Web site: http://www.oim.org.gthttp://www.oim.org.gt Working Notebooks on Migration No. 11, 22 & 25 (Cuadernos de Trabajo sobre Migración No. 11, 22 & 25)