1. Intraaortic Balloon Pumping Improves Hemodynamics and Right Ventricular Efficiency in Acute Ischemic Right Ventricular Failure 
Dag Nordhaug, MD, Tor Steensrud, MD, Stig Muller, MD, Kjell Vidar Husnes, MD, Truls Myrmel, MD, PhD 
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 
Volume 78, Issue 4, Pages (October 2004)
DOI: /j.athoracsur

2. Fig 1
Pressure-volume area or total mechanical work. The area bounded by the loop conforms to stroke work (SW), and the area bounded by the end-systolic and end-diastolic pressure-volume relationship (ESPVR and EDPVR, respectively) is potential energy (PE). Total mechanical work is the sum of stroke work and potential energy. (V0 = x-axis intercept of linear end-systolic pressure-volume relationship.)
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur )

3. Fig 2
Percent change by intraaortic balloon pump (IABP) when hyperacute effects were assessed by turning intraaortic balloon pump from on to standby during continuous pressure-volume sampling. Data are given for both right and left ventricle. *p < 0.05 by intraaortic balloon pump when evaluated by Student's t test for paired data (intraaortic balloon pump on and off). (AE = arterial elastance in systemic and pulmonary vasculature; CO = right and left ventricular output; dPdtmax and dPdtmin = derivative of pressure increase and decay, respectively; ESP = end-systolic pressure; SV = stroke volume.)
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur )

4. Fig 3
Impact of 60 minutes of intraaortic balloon pump (IABP). P values denote difference between controls and intraaortic balloon pump–treated animals assessed by two-way analysis of variance. (CO = cardiac output; MAP = mean arterial pressure; PAE = pulmonary arterial elastance; PVR = pulmonary vascular resistance; SV right = right ventricular stroke volume.)
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur )

5. Fig 4
Right ventricular (RV) work in controls and intraaortic balloon pump (IABP)-treated animals. There was no difference in total mechanical work (stroke work [SW] + potential energy [PE]). However, stroke work was significantly augmented in intraaortic balloon pump–treated animals, rendering efficiency (stroke work divided by total mechanical work) significantly improved in the intraaortic balloon pump group.
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur )