1. Critical Occupations in The Next Economy Sally A. Hamilton, Ph. D. LeBow College of Business Drexel University

2. The Current Economic Situation Forecasts concur that the recession and downturn have bottomed out…. – A huge deficit in jobs still exists compared to pre-recession levels. The U.S. has lost 5.3 million jobs(-3.8%) and California is down 6.6% over the last four year. – Overall wages have not risen over the last decade. Forecasts cant seem to agree on when the local economy will recover, and what form that recovery will take. – Some estimates are that California will continue to see labor markets at the 2007 level for at least four more years. Commercial vacancies are high- 23% in the greater Sacramento area Over half of all college graduates cant find employment locally in their field Long term unemployment is over 40% http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.govhttp://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov; http://www.irle.berkeley.edu/cwed;http://www.irle.berkeley.edu/cwed

3. The Current Labor Market Situation Regional unemployment has recently dropped slightly, from over 12% to slightly above 11%. That is good news, but still more than double the rate of 5 years ago. The California rate is currently 11.5% and the U.S. is 11.5% Online job postings The latest monthly report by the Conference Board said there were 25,600 ads posted in Sacramento, a nearly 15 percent gain from 22,300 in April 2011. The April total was down slightly from 26,200 ads in March. Sacramento went from second nationwide in the number of unemployed per online advertised job vacancy to fourth in the new report, with 4.29 job seekers for every online opening http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov

4. Employment in Sacramento Region Today Overall employment in the region is increasing, over the last couple of months. Employment has increased locally in local governments, professional and business services, and professional, scientific and technical services. Some industries see continuing declines, including retail, utilities, and transportation. The year over picture is weaker, with a slight decrease in employment year over year. Hospitality, recreation, and good services accounted for the majority of this. There were increases in several sectors year over year, including education and health services. http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov

5. The Next Economy The Next Economy Task Force has identified key areas of focus for economic growth Life Sciences and Health Services Information and Communications Technology Advanced Manufacturing Clean Energy Technology Agribusiness and Food Education and Knowledge Creation Knowledge Intensive Business and Financial Services These last two can be viewed as cutting across all other clusters These clusters represent combinations of economic and locational strength for our region. They also represent opportunities for job growth and increased employment Based on these clusters, education providers need to be prepared for the occupations that will see growth and help the workforce to be able to meet the future employment demand Data source: CSER Next Economy

6. The Question We know that growth in these industry clusters will act as a crucible for further growth across all layers of the occupational pyramid. What are the occupations critical to supporting the regions key economic clusters? The educational objective is to meet needs for skilled, solid employment that will generate job growth throughout the workforce spectrum.

7. Projections for Sacramento Region http://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov

8. Health and Life Sciences Occupations Acupuncturists Anesthesiologists Exercise Physiologists Bacteriologists Behavioral Health Technicians Biochemists Biological Scientists Biological Technicians Biomaterials Engineers Biomedical Engineers Biomedical Equipment Technicians Medical Researchers Cardiologists Chemists Child and Family Counselors Chiropractors Dietitians Laboratory Technologists and Technicians Counselors Surgeons Dentists, Dental Surgeons Diagnostic Related Technologists and Technicians Dietitians and Nutritionists Emergency Medical Technicians and Paramedics Life Scientists Medical and Health Services Managers Health Information Technicians Medical Scientists Laboratory Technologists Nurse Practitioners Respiratory Therapy Technicians Epidemiologists Family and General Practitioners Forensic Psychologists Health Diagnosing and Treating Practitioners Health Educators Health Practitioner Support Technologists and Technicians Social Workers Occupational Therapy and Physical Therapists, Assistants and Aides Optometrists Pharmacists Public Health Officials Psychologists Registered Nurses- all specialties

9. Health and Life Sciences Occupation Annual growth rate % Annual new jobs Annual replacement Total Annual Job Growth Annual Wages Education and Training Levels Occupational and Physical Therapists4.2112031$145,938Professional Dentists1.7222850$126,985Professional Pharmacists1.8221941Professional Physicians and Surgeons1.9325$50,858Professional Chiropractors2.1325$50,858Professional Psychiatrists2.3549$50,858Professional Surgeons2.5241539$165,516Professional Family and General Practitioners2.915924$94,973Professional Anesthesiologists2.94610$90,467Professional Optometrists2.98513Professional Medical Scientists4.77733110$87,787Professional Mental Social Workers1.491423$41,471Masters Mental Health Counselors1.7131427$60,126Masters Speech-Language Pathologists2.2171330$75,765Masters Counselors2.48715$30,818Masters Occupational Therapists3.0161026$88,138Masters Physical Therapists3.3331245$86,545Masters Medical and Health Services Managers1.9394079$98,459Bachelors Plus Medical and Clinical Laboratory Technologists1.7121325$62,969Bachelors Dietitians and Nutritionists2.3121830$67,901Bachelors Medical and Public Health Social Workers2.4121325$62,106Bachelors

10. Health and Life Sciences Occupation Annual growth rate % Annual new jobs Annual replacement Total Annual Job Growth Annual Wages Education and Training Levels Medical and Clinical Laboratory Technicians1.6182038$41,903Associates Diagnostic Medical Sonographers1.7437$82,572Associates Radiologic Technologists and Technicians2.2191231$72,687Associates Medical Records and Health Information Technicians2.3161329$40,198Associates Registered Nurses2.6393261654$92,678Associates Respiratory Therapists2.6201333$70,015Associates Dental Hygienists3.86736103$94,088Associates Physical Therapist Assistants3.99312$56,441Associates Healthcare Practitioners and Technical Workers, 2.0141529$50,117Voc Ed Health Technologists and Technicians2.16493157$54,611Voc Ed Licensed Practical and Licensed Vocational Nurses2.2311950$35,985Voc Ed Massage Therapists2.816176237$35,226Voc Ed Opticians, Dispensing1.85260112$37,963OJT Social and Human Service Assistants3.2463682$38,867OJT Pharmacy Technicians3.610131132$29,365OJT Dental Assistants3.97512$41,239OJT Medical Equipment Repairers1.7281745$35,487OJT Healthcare Support Workers1.9538$33,829OJT Nursing Aides, Orderlies, and Attendants2.010616$27,875OJT Home Health Aides4.612416$23,887OJT

11. Information and Communications Technology Occupations Database and Systems Administrators and Network Architects Administrators, Computer Systems Hardware Architects, Computer Network Computer Support Specialists Computer User Support Specialists Computer Network Support Specialists Computer Laboratory Technicians Mathematical Science Occupations Health Informatics Computer and Information Research Scientists Computational Theory Scientists Computer and Information Analysts Analysts, Information Security Software Developers and Programmers Architects, Computer Systems Software Designers, Web Computer Hardware Designers Computer Hardware Engineers

12. Information and Communications Technology Occupation Annual growth rate % Annual new jobs Annual replacement Total Annual Job Growth Annual Wages Education and Training Levels Computer and Information Systems Managers1.2233154$109,870Bachelors Computer and Mathematical Occupations1.4438541979$76,177 Certification/ Associates Computer Software Engineers, Applications2.99628124$82,742 Certification/ Associates Computer Software Engineers, Systems Software1.87735112$89,750 Certification/ Associates Database Administrators1.612 24$71,901 Certification/ Associates Network and Computer Systems Administrators1.9383270$74,018 Certification/ Associates Network Systems and Data Communications Analysts4.4702999$72,505 Certification/ Associates

13. Advanced Manufacturing A survey of U.S. manufacturing employers found that 80 percent of respondents said that they had a serious problem finding qualified candidates for the highly technical world of modern manufacturing. (National Association of Manufacturers) http://www.doleta.gov/brg/indprof/Manufacturing_profile.cfmhttp://www.doleta.gov/brg/indprof/Manufacturing_profile.cfm Jobs in the Advanced Manufacturing industry require a variety of skill sets. Workers need the production skills to set up, operate, monitor and control the manufacturing process. They need the process design and development skills to continuously improve production processes. They need skills in health and safety to maintain a safe work environment. They need skills in maintenance, installation and repair to maintain and optimize complex equipment and systems. They need knowledge of supply chain logistics in order to plan and monitor the movement and storage of materials and products. Finally, manufacturing workers need skills in quality assurance and continuous improvement to ensure that products and processes meet quality requirements.

14. Advanced Manufacturing Occupations Logisticians Operations Research Analysts Analysts, Operations Aerospace/Aeronautical Engineers Chemists and Chemical Engineers Electrical and Electronics Engineers Circuit Design Engineers Efficiency Engineers Metal Engineers Mechanical Engineers Mining and Geological Engineers Electro-Mechanical Technicians Industrial Engineers Drafters, Engineering Technicians, and Mapping Technicians Industrial Engineering Technicians Plant and System Operators Ceramic Scientists Crude Testers Assembly Line Supervisors Assemblers and Fabricators Metal Workers and Plastic Workers Machinists Petroleum Engineers

15. Advanced Manufacturing Occupation Annual growth rate Annual new jobs Annual replacement Total Annual Job GrowthAnnual Wages Education and Training Levels Engineers1.1140251391$86,679Bachelors Mathematical Scientists1.3225072$71,205Masters Operations Research Analysts1.3214667$71,205Masters Geoscientists1.9122032$73,179Masters Management Analysts1.275110185$66,339Bachelors Plus Civil Engineers1.67175146$97,149Bachelors Purchasing Agents1.7264167$56,060Bachelors Mechanical Engineers1.192332$83,285Bachelors Logisticians1.97815$72,722Bachelors Industrial Engineers1.76915$76,679Bachelors Electrical and Electronics Repairers, Commercial and Industrial Equipment1.7448$74,949Voc Ed Production Workers1.5101525$27,623OJT Mixing and Blending Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders1.89918$30,512OJT Extruding, Forming, Pressing, and Compacting Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders1.3134$29,205OJT

16. Clean Energy Technology In July, President Obamas Council of Economic Advisors released a report saying that the stimulus package had saved or created over 330 000 clean- energy jobs in the first half of this year. Those jobs mainly went to electricians, solar photovoltaic installers, wind-turbine technicians, etc. The Clean Edge survey, which was published last October, found that the top five clean-tech jobs sectors are solar, biofuels and biomaterials, conservation and efficiency, the smart grid, and wind power. An entry-level geothermal power engineer gets a median salary of about US $71 800. The median salary for a midlevel hardware design engineer in the smart-grid industry is $87 700, while a midlevel design engineer in solar PV made $65 000. http://spectrum.ieee.org/at-work/tech- careers/renewable-energy-renewable-jobshttp://spectrum.ieee.org/at-work/tech- careers/renewable-energy-renewable-jobs

17. Clean Energy Technology Occupations Industrial Engineer Industrial Production Managers Landscape Architect LEED Accredited Professionals Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineers Power System Operations and Engineering Solar and PV Installation Solar Energy Engineer and Systems Design Solar Inverter Systems Engineer Solar Lab Plant Operations Solar Systems Installer Solar/PV Fabrication, Installation & Testing Sustainable Assemblers Water and Wastewater Management and Engineering Alternative Fuel and Hybrid Technician Architect Green Building and Design Plant Operations Civil Engineer/Civil Engineering Technician Control System Applications Engineer Electrical/Electronic Engineer/Technician Energy Engineer/Energy Infrastructure Engineer Energy Manager and Analyst Environmental Engineer or Technician Environmental Health and Safety Managers Green Building Construction and Design Hazardous Materials Removal Worker

18. Clean Energy Technology Occupation Annual growth rate % Annual new jobs Annual replacement Total Annual Job GrowthAnnual Wages Education and Training Levels Engineering Managers1.3172744$121,209Bachelors Plus Environmental Scientists and Specialists1.4275582$75,875Bachelors Environmental Engineers2.3111021$80,485Bachelors Architects1.2141933$90,778Bachelors Engineers1.1140251391$86,679Bachelors Environmental Engineering Technicians2.4549$47,099Voc Ed Mechanics and Installers1.9201838$45,506OJT Water and Waste Treatment Plant and System Operators2.313 26$61,964OJT Hazardous Materials Removal Workers1.2257$37,067OJT Refuse and Recyclable Material Collectors1.6213758$41,740OJT Electrical Installers and Repairers1.451318$83,121OJT Power Plant Operators1.2268$80,159OJT

19. Agriculture and Food Occupations Agrichemical specialist Agricultural Engineer Agricultural Mechanic or Technician Biological Engineer Commodity Buyer Crop consultant Crop Insurance Entomologist Environmental scientist Extension officer Farm manager Feed Production Fisheries scientist Food broker Food Processing Food technology specialist Forest science specialist Grain Merchandiser Greenhouse manager Greenhouse technician Integrated pest management Irrigations technologist Mechanical Engineer Nursery operator Organic certification Organic chemist Organic dairy production Organic food processing Organic product development Organic researcher Pest controller Plant and animal breeding specialist Plant and animal nutritionist Plant Manager Plant Pathology biologist Precision Ag Technician Research technologist Sales Seed producer Soil chemist Soil conservationist Soil microbiologist Weed scientist Wetland specialist

20. Agriculture and Food Occupation Annual growth rate Annual new jobs Annual replacement Total Annual Job Growth Annual Wages Education and Training Levels Natural Sciences Managers1.8111829$101,657Bachelors Plus Hydrologists0.7145$98,142Masters Chemists0.432831$63,818Masters Conservation Scientists0.5246$68,805Bachelors Plus Biological Scientists, All Other2.081119$72,808Bachelors Soil and Plant Scientists2.05914$74,940Bachelors Food Scientists and Technologists2.7347$75,020Bachelors Engineering Technicians1.36915$55,102Associates Farm Equipment Mechanics1.7224$40,464Voc Ed Food Preparation and Serving Related Occupations1.39652,6253,590$19,446OJT Combined Food Preparation and Serving Workers1.9278309587$18,946OJT Hosts and Hostesses, Restaurant, Lounge, and Coffee Shop1.328152180$19,207OJT Meat, Poultry, and Fish Cutters and Trimmers1.671421$26,635OJT Food Processing Workers1.23790127$24,000OJT Agricultural Workers, All Other0.4279$27,679OJT

21. Role of Education in Supporting the Next Economy How can educators support and help meet the occupational needs of the Next Economy? Success will be comprised of a partnership between employers, K-12 education, vocational education and community colleges, and public and private universities and colleges. Focus. Pick a given cluster or occupational area and focus on improving outcomes in those areas, matching occupations to your key competencies. Be nimble. Be able to cut across bureaucracy to address needs quickly.

22. Role of Education in Supporting the Next Economy A key success factor is the ability of educators and educational institutions to provide students with experiential education. To do this, educators need to actively and genuinely engage in the world around them, provide solid leadership, and work across silos to build partnerships for success.

23. Appendix

24. Business and Financial Services Occupations Business Operations Specialists Claims Adjusters, Appraisers, Examiners, and Investigators Financial Specialists Accountants and Auditors Appraisers and Assessors Budget Analysts Credit Analysts Financial Analysts and Advisors Analysts, Insurance Financial Examiners Bank Examiners Credit Counselors and Loan Officers Agents, Mortgage Loan Tax Examiners, Collectors and Preparers, and Revenue Agents Financial Specialists, Miscellaneous Actuaries Financial Clerks

25. Knowledge Intensive Business Services Occupation Annual growth rate % Annual new jobs Annual replacement Total Annual Job GrowthAnnual Wages Education and Training Levels Financial Specialists 1.1 273421694$65,393Masters Business Operations Specialists 1.1 4628821,344$68,223Masters Market Research Analysts 2.2 313970$60,653Masters Loan Counselors 2.7 314$42,400Bachelors Personal Financial Advisors 2.2 532578$49,967Bachelors Employment, Recruitment, and Placement Specialists 1.8 192746$50,536Bachelors Credit Analysts 1.4 6713$56,031Bachelors Compensation, Benefits, and Job Analysis Specialists 2.0 162238$61,608Bachelors Cost Estimators 1.9 354176$61,670Bachelors Accountants and Auditors 1.5 104114218$63,553Bachelors Human Resources, Training, and Labor Relations Specialists, All Other 1.9 425597$63,842Bachelors Financial Examiners 4.6 527$67,704Bachelors Budget Analysts 1.4 131528$68,243Bachelors Financial Analysts 1.8 27 54$73,329Bachelors Billing and Posting Clerks and Machine Operators 1.4 364480$33,760OJT Bill and Account Collectors 1.7 434891$33,835OJT Procurement Clerks 1.2 31013$41,106OJT

26. Education and Knowledge Creation Postsecondary Teachers- includes college professors, professional schools Fellows, Teaching Vocational Educators Military Science Teachers Preschool, Primary, Secondary, and Special Education School Teachers Adult Basic and Secondary Education and Literacy Teachers and Instructors Self-Enrichment Education Teachers Citizenship Teachers Public Relations Interpreters Librarians

27. Education and Knowledge Creation Occupation Annual growth rate % Annual new jobs Annual replacement Total Annual Job GrowthAnnual Wages Education and Training Levels Postsecondary Teachers1.7263276539$81,198Doctorate Librarians, Curators, and Archivists1.0134659$66,012Masters Survey Researchers3.08715$35,592Masters Primary, Secondary, and Special Education School Teachers1.45118641,375$59,300Bachelors Plus Other Teachers and Instructors1.9135107242$34,692Bachelors Plus Training and Development Specialists1.9223052$57,568Bachelors Education Administrators2.78917$80,306Bachelors Public Relations Specialists2.15159110$71,126Bachelors Social Science Research Assistants2.04913$38,082Voc Ed Interpreters and Translators2.2151732$38,209OJT