1. Nature is always true and never trivial Hans Strand, Photographer

2. Panoramic Maps Evaluating the Usability and Effectiveness

3. Switzerland 35,6 million overnight stays/year New Zealand hosts ca. 2 millions tourists/year Tourism Important Economical Factor Sources: World Trade Organization, www.wto.org, June 2012 Statistical New Zealand Tourism Satellite Account, www.stats.govt.nz, June 2012

4. Europe2962 Asia800 North America770 (428*) Australia & Ozeania55 South America49 Africa12 Ski Resorts by Continents Worldwide 4649 Resorts (At Least one Ski Lift, Out- or Indoor) Sources: www.skiresort.info, June 2012. *Alex Tait, 2006.

5. USA496 Ski Resorts Austria386 Canada273 Italy270 Switzerland 254 (187*) France251 New Zealand25 Australia15 Ski Resorts by Countries Comparing some selected «Ski Nations» Sources: www.skiresort.info, June 2012. *Schweiz Tourismus, 2012.

6. Trails maps for ski areas are iconic images of the nature of the sport of skiing and its relation to the terrain on which ski resorts are built (Tait, 2006). Ski Resorts – Panoramic Maps Sources: www.skiresort.info, June 2012. *Alex Tait, 2006. **Schweiz Tourismus, 2012-

7. Self-Administered Survey

8. Goals The key objective of this survey is to investigate, how panoramic maps are perceived and used by various user groups. The results may assist panorama artists to adapt or improve representations of panoramic maps and their production techniques in the future.

9. Recruitation 356 persons asked per email, attached query form Members of the Mountain Cartography Commission Members of the Swiss Society of Cartography Cartographers, Map Enthusiasts, Graphics Designer,… Cartography Students from Germany Persons unrelated to maps

10. Attendees: 100 persons, 50 males, 50 females User Profiles Participants (100)Experts (38)Non-Experts (62) Gender Male503182%1931% Female50718%4369% Handedness Right-handed843387%5182% Left-handed16513%1118% Age Group under 20100%11% 20-40562155%3557% 40-60301232%1829% over 6113513%8 First Language German963489%62100% English338%00% Others113%00% Winter Sports Practising502361%2744%

11. Experts, Non-Experts Attendees

12. Red-Green Confusion Perception – Map Reading Experts (38)Non experts (62)Total Perception Normal vision3284%5487%86% Red-green confusion616%813%14% Influenced by Monochrome1437%3556%49% Not influenced2463%2744%51% Map Reading Piz Mundaun411%1727%21% Piz Sezner3489%4573%79% Railway 3D38%1118%14% Railway 2D616%3252%38% 3D and 2D2874%1219%40% neither nor12%711%8%

13. Red-Green Confusion Visual Perception

14. Red-Green Confusion 22% Male Female 6% 8%0.4% Survey, 2012 Worldwide

15. Colours vs Grayscale Spatial Perception

16. 51% Not influenced Influenced by Grayscale 49% 37%56% Non-Experts 63%37% Experts

17. Panoramic Map vs Topographic Map Map Reading

18. 79% Piz Sezner (correct) Piz Mundain 21% 73%27% Non-Experts 89%11% Experts

19. Technical Aspects Computer-Generated Panoramic Maps Experts (38)Non-Experts (62)Total Future Computer-generated1847%3963%57% Traditional handmade2053%2337%43% Program Type Knows some software1950%1321%32% Doesn't know any software1950%4979%68% Google Earth1026%711%17%show Atlas of Switzerland513%35%8%show Terrain Bender718%007%generate Bryce411%004%generate Terragen411%004%generate

20. Traditional Handmade vs Computer-Generated Computer-Generated Panoramic Maps

21. 43% Traditional Handmade Computer-Generated 57% 37%63% Non-Experts 53%47% Experts

22. Traditional Handmade vs Computer-Generated Computer-Generated Panoramic Maps

23. Do you know any? Software Products / Web Applications 32%68% 21%79% Non-Experts 50% Experts Yes No

24. Experts (38)Non-Experts (62)Total Future Computer-generated1847%3963%57% Traditional handmade2053%2337%43% ProgramType Knows some software1950%1321%32% Doesn't know any software1950%4979%68% Google Earth1026%711%17%show Atlas of Switzerland513%35%8%show Terrain Bender718%007%generate Bryce411%004%generate Terragen411%004%generate Software Products / Web Applications If yes, please list them

25. Sub-Groups 67% Right-Handed Left-Handed 82% Prefer panoramic map instead of topographic map: 64% Male Female 78%

26. www.thisisdairyfarming.com MOO-VING QR Codes

27. QR Codes

29. TuS Germania SchnelsenPhillips Building (Google Maps)

31. Thank you !