1. Sinan YILDIRIM Hacettepe University School of Sport Sciences and Technology 1

2. Learning Aims Recognizing the terms of recreation and leisure Recognizing kinds of recreation Recognizing the economic dimension of recreation Recognizing the terms of leadership and management What is game? 2

3. What is Leisure? Leisure Time: Its originated from the word löisure which is French. Leisure is the time in which there are no limits, people are free to choose and the time left over social missions and responsibilities. (Torkildsen,2005) 3

4. The time left over work. (Not for money) The time apart from vital needs. The time in which there are no limits, people can choose freely. 4

5. What is Recreation? Recreatio in Latin: inovation, re-creating, restructuring. According to Kraus (1998); activities that are relaxing and entertaining which provide opportunity to make people relax in the time left over mandatory work or activities. 5

6. Voluntary participation Entertainment Relaxation Regenerate Increasing life quality 6

7. Recreation Classification Its possible to classify recreational activities according to different criterias in various ways. In this study it is classified as urban recreation, therapeutic recreation, tourism recreation, campus recreation and outdoor recreation. 7

8. Urban Recreation Actions of private companies and local governments encourage people to reach and join activities and programs. Parks and recreation (play, tour, entertainment etc. themed parks) School based recreation Recreation in special groups olds, children, disabled people (Human Kinetics, 2006) Fitness centers, swimming pools, sports halls, womens club house etc. 8

9. Therapeutic Recreation The field that provides consultancy, therapy and education to meet the needs of handicapped peoples leisure. (Jenkins, 2004) 9

10. Tourism Recreation Recreational tourism is the activities that people participate in their leisure time by moving away home places temporarily to escape monotonous life. Sailing Surfing and windsurfing Skiing Fishing Rafting Big sport organizations such as Olympic games etc. 10

11. Campus Recreation Activities that students, academics and administrative staff participate in the university. Includes sport clubs, student groups, health, culture and sport presidencies in the university. (Human Kinetics, 2006) 11

12. Outdoor Recreation Includes various activities in which there are limited sources of big lands and water lands. Because of increase of leisure and desire for escape to nature instead of urban life request for outdoor activities are increasing. Mountaineering, trekking, rock climbing, mountain biking, orienteering, paragliding, rafting etc. (Seeley, 1973) 12

13. Recreation, Sports and Economy Nowadays sports and economy are integrated each other and cant be thought distinct. After industrial revolution economical improvements of people, more leisure time, big organizations, education role of sports, requirement of sports in daily life and technological improvements of communication made sports an independent industry. (Çelik, 2006) 13

14. Its probable that improvement of cultural structure emphasized high status materials and highly required consuming in commercial sports. Everything we obtain merges with sports marketing and sales: athletes (including their names, signs and images), commercial goods, names and logos of the teams… (Coakley, 2001) 14

15. When evaluating goods and services which are the objects of sports indusrty; Outdoor and indoor sport facilities (sport halls, natural/synthetic football fields, tennis courts, athletism and running fields, golf fields, game gardens…) Materials and equipments for infrastructure and ground applications; sport facilities, landscaping (seats, fence, spectator entrance and booth systems, locker rooms, commercial units…) Private sports and recreational facilities. Sporting goods Sports clothing Fitness and condition devices Sports health machinery and equipments… 15

16. When evaluating goods and services which was implied above, relation with other sectors draws the attention. Sports became related with too many fields after increasing numbers of goods and services which are about sports industry and presenting watching goods while consuming these services. (Çağlarırmak, Uslu, 2004) 16

17. Recreation, Sports and Game Huizinga defines game as; participating freely but exists in specific time and place in appropriate ways to the rules, has goals, with tension and pleasure feelings being different than usual life action and activity. (Huizinga, 1995) 17

18. Factors That Generate Game Game is a free, voluntarily action, It doesnt have obligation, negligible and voidable, Its an arbitrary action, As the extension of freedom, happens out of daily life. (Huizinga, 1995) 18

19. Why Do We Play? Playing makes people recreated. We get rid of all limitations. Its a cure for a problematic person or a clue on the way that goes through interior of a person. (Terr, 2000) 19

20. Recreation and Leadership Leaders have a key role assessing leisure. Because efforts of assessing various leisure time activities requires different kind of specialty. (Tezcan, 1977) Recreation leaders fitness, outdoor sports etc. shows direction to the participants in the activities. They can plan their activities by determining their needs, teach or help by attending. 20

21. Career Opportunities Private recreation establishments Fitness halls Swimming pools Sport clubs (tennis, swimming…) Private camps Organization companies Health centers (spa, thermal water…) Centers about therapeutic recreation Private companies Hotels 21

22. Local Governments Sport centers, womens club etc. which connected with local governments Sport specialists and coaches who work for youth and sport directorship. Recreation planner who work for official institutions (jails, hospitals, schools…) 22

23. Scientific Refereed Journal Leisure Studies Leisure Sciences Managing Leisure Journal of Leisure Research Journal of Park & Recreation 23

24. Questions What are the reasons to participate recreation? What are the limitations on participation to recreation activities? Is recreation a need? 24

25. Suggested Sources Coakley, J. (2001). Sport in Society. University of Colorado Springs, Mcgraw Hill, Colorado,7 Th. Edition. Huizinga, Johan (1995). Homo Ludens: Oyunun Toplumsal İşlevi Üzerine Bir Deneme. Çev. Mehmet Ali Kılıçbay, Ayrıntı Yayınları, İstanbul. Human Kinetics ed. (2006). İntroduction to Recreation and Leisure. Human Kinetics. Printed İn the USA. Jenkins, J. M. and Pigram, J. J. (2004). Encyclopedia of Leisure and Outdoor Recreation. Published by Routledge Jennings, G. (2007). Water-Based Torurism, Spor, Leisure, and Recreation Experiences. Elsevier. Printed İn the USA Karaküçük, S. (1999). Rekreasyon Boş Zamanları Değerlendirme. Gazi Kitabevi. Dördüncü Baskı. 25

26. Kraus, R. G. (1996). Recreation and Leisure: İn Modern Society. Addison-Wesley Pub, 5th edition Mull, R. F., Bayless, K.G., Ross, C. M., Jamieson, L. M. (1997). Recreational Sport Management. Human Kinetics. Printed İn the USA. Third Edition. Seeley, İ.H. (1973). Outdoor Recreation and The Urban Environment. The Mcmillan Press Ltd. Terr, Lenore (2000). Sevgi ve Çalışmanın Ötesinde Oyun Yetişkinler İçin Neden İhtiyaçtır. Literatür Yayıncılık, İstanbul. Tezcan, M. (1977). Boş Zamanlar Sosyolojisi. Ankara Üniversitesi. Doğan Matbaası. Ankara. Torkildsen, G. (2005). Leisure and Rereation Management. Published by Routledge. Newyork. Fifth Edition. 26

27. Thanks For Your Attention 27