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Colonial America USHAP Week 2
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Agenda: Monday 8/20/12 Objective: Practice debriefing notes, check in on quality of ??notes Content: Early colonial regions Skills: Identifying and weighing key factors Essential question: Why did the colonial regions develop ?so distinctly? Agenda: 1) Inclusion or exclusion in early colonial regions? 2) Virginia Company recipe for success or failure
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Reading Response Question
Page 61 Prompt: Using examples drawn from this chapter, discuss the differences between colonizing “frontiers of inclusion” and “exclusion.” Activity: Discuss reading ? with neighbors Graphic organizer (volunteers will be called on from the cards)
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Inclusion Exclusion Graphic organizer
Beaver Hats or Inclusion vs. Exclusion Prompt Reading prompt index cards Explain procedure: call names, record quality of response, free for all. If you’re not prepared say so. If it’s all been said… Defining terms Geography: Appalachia, Mississippi River watershed, French crescent, Chesapeake,
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Virginia Company recipe for success or failure
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Output Input Process
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Virginia Company Recipe for Failure / Success
Ingredients: Identify the key factors that led to the outcome (failure or success of the colony) Indicate relative weight of each ingredient by indicating amount (e.g. ½ cup) Directions: Describe how the factors interact, and in what sequence, to result in the outcome
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Agenda: Tuesday 8/21/12 Objective: Tackle the economic and political impact of ?colonial slavery Content: Transatlantic slave trade and mercantilism Skills: Macroeconomic analysis Essential question: To what extent (how much) was the ?success of English colonial economies in the Americas ?based on the institution of slavery? Agenda: 1) Share recipes 2) Slavery the Mainspring Jigsaw
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Share recipes Recipe for success Recipe for failure
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Pre read Starting on page 91, look at the graphs, images, etc. until page 113
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Jigsaw introduction “Slavery was the most dynamic force in the Atlantic economy during the century, creating the conditions for industrialization.” “But because slave-owning colonists single-mindedly committed their resources to the expansion and extension of the plantation system, they derived very little benefit from the economic diversification that characterized industrialization.” -Out of Many pg.113 Break down each quote one by one. Slavery MOST dynamic force in creating industrialization. But South doesn’t benefit, N does. Slavery fuels N. Then N. destroys slavery as an economic system.
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jigsaw Prompt: Groups Summarize your section
Explain the connection between the institution of slavery and the building of a commercial empire. Groups Pgs : Slavery the Mainspring Pgs : Politics of Mercantilism & Wars for Empire Pgs : British Colonial Regulation Pgs The Colonial Economy Summarize your section Who When Where What Why Notes: 10-12 million Africans brought to the Americas. Section 1: Capital from profits 2. Slavery contributes to ec dev of cotton in Eng. 3. Slavery spurs manufacturing. Mercantilism—ec system where govt intervenes in economy for the purpose of increasing wealth. . Parliament—uniform money, regulates wages, subsides for agri, tariffs. Zero sum game. Finite amount of wealth. Enumerated goods—sugar, molasses, rum, tobacco, rice, indigo. Navigation Acts ( ). Ships—only Eng/colonists. Other merchants can’t trade. Salutary Neglect—early 1700s-1740s. Colonial Economies: North = diverse. South = single product.
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Agenda: Block day 8/22 & 8/23 Content: Religious dissent, tension between local and imperial governing, sources of colonial conflict Skills: Cause and effect analysis Essential question: Why and how was imperial control being extended in British colonial America during the 1600s? Agenda: Finish jigsaw Role of religious dissent in colonial history? Proprietary colonies and imperial control Indian policy: Was Penn on to something? Sources of colonial violence?
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jigsaw Prompt: Groups Summarize your section
Explain the connection between the institution of slavery and the building of a commercial empire. Groups Pgs : Slavery the Mainspring Pgs : Politics of Mercantilism & Wars for Empire Pgs : British Colonial Regulation Pgs The Colonial Economy Summarize your section Who When Where What Why Notes: 10-12 million Africans brought to the Americas. Section 1: Capital from profits 2. Slavery contributes to ec dev of cotton in Eng. 3. Slavery spurs manufacturing. Mercantilism—ec system where govt intervenes in economy for the purpose of increasing wealth. . Parliament—uniform money, regulates wages, subsides for agri, tariffs. Zero sum game. Finite amount of wealth. Enumerated goods—sugar, molasses, rum, tobacco, rice, indigo. Navigation Acts ( ). Ships—only Eng/colonists. Other merchants can’t trade. Salutary Neglect—early 1700s-1740s. Colonial Economies: North = diverse. South = single product.
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Jigsaw Explain the connection between the institution of slavery and the building of a commercial empire. Create a thesis statement that responds to the prompt Explain that yesterday we looked at a long term trend. Relate it to later periods. We are still in colonial era. On the timeline.
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Role of religious dissent in colonial history?
Discuss the role of religious dissent in the founding of the New England colonies and in stimulating the creation of others. (p ? 70) Where When Causes Effects Maryland 1634 New England colonies 1620
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Role of religious dissent in colonial history?
Discuss the role of religious dissent in the founding of the New England colonies and in stimulating the creation of others. (p ? 70) Where When Causes Effects Hartford 1636 Providence Hutchinson’s Followers 1638 Pennsylvania 1682
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Proprietary colonies How did political developments in England affect the founding and governing of English colonies along the Atlantic seaboard?
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Proprietary Colonies Needs $, has to summon Parliament
"poore, cold, and useless" Frame of govt—guarantees religious freedom, elected leader, fair dealing with NAI. Quakers—more democratic. Charles I: persecuted Puritans, Maryland to the Catholic Calverts Charles I execution: migration to New England slows down Cromwell: less immigrants means the growing need to diversify the economy. Also left the colonies alone Charles II: established new proprietary colonies: the Carolinas, 2nd Anglo Dutch war- New York, Pennsylvania James II: wanted to strengthen royal control over the colonies, overthrows colonial governments William and Mary: rebel against James’ appointments More religious tolerance Catholic Protestant
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Proprietary colonies By 1701, the British monarchy had tightened the "imperial reins" over its North American possessions. (p.83) What form did this stronger central control take?
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Compare and contrast Penn's Indian policy with those of the Chesapeake and New England colonies.
Pennsylvania New England
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What were the principal causes of colonial violence and warfare of the late 17th century? (p.76-84, ? 79) Conflict prompt—King Philip’s War (New Eng). Covenant Chain (1660s NY, Iroquois strengthen position. Trade. Bacon’s Rebellion—first populist uprising. Explain big P and little P. (ie Rep vs rep and Dem vs dem) Prayed upon by those above and below in social order. March West (NAI) march East (wealthy). How does elite react? Frontier issues, indentured servants, expectations won’t be met. Violence on frontier is long term trend.
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Bacon’s Rebellion: Virginia, 1675-1676
Elite Whites Small Farmers Poor Whites/Former Indentured Servants African Slaves Native Americans Populism vs. populism Under Bacon’s leadership, the rebels marched west, and then they marched east.
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agenda: Friday 8/24/12 Objective: Prepare for the first fluency fact review quiz Content: Colonial regions Skills: Compare and contrast, cause and effect Essential question: Why did the colonial regions develop so distinctly? Agenda: 1) Text structure: are you using it? 2) Fluency Fact Review Quiz preparation: W,W,W,W,W 3) Colonial regions comparison matrix
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Are you using the text structure?
P = Preview R = Review At the front of the book: Table of Contents outline (R) AP Guideline correlation (P, R) Within each chapter: Chapter Outline (P, R) Key Topics (P) Maps, charts, pictures, captions, headings, glossary definitions (P) Conclusion (R) Chronology (R) AP Prep Test (R)
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Fluency facts Who Where When What Why??? 60 seconds
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Colonial regions comparison matrix
Geographic Economic Political Social/Cultural Indian American Spanish Borderlands French Crescent New England Middle Colonies Back Country South
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Geographic Economic Political Social/Cultural Indian
America Beyond
App. Mtns. and in
Canada,
pressed by
eastern
colonies Fur trade
with Fr.
and Br.,
depen-
dent on
European
goods Some alliances
with Europeans,
others fight
intruders,
Iroquois
Confederacy Increasing European
influence, diseases
ravage Native tribes,
keep being pushed
east Spanish
Border-
lands SW U.S.,
Florida,
New
Mexico,
Texas,
California,
Arizona Mission
Indians
for labor,
subsis-
tence
agricul-
ture,
trading Tied to Spanish
crown and
Catholic church,
presidios, violence
at borders Great Universities,
model/thriving cities,
mix of ethnic
backgrounds (mestizos), mission
systems, convert NAI
to Catholicism, Some
inclusion regarding
NAI French
Crescent Canada
(Quebec),
Mississippi
R.-->
Louisiana Fur trade
with NAI,
sugar
plantation
s Ally with NAI
tribes, Catholic
imperial policy,
bishopric of
Quebec Catholic, long lots,
frontier of inclusion,
mixed with NAI,
France sends few
settlers to New World
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Geographic Economic Political Social/Cultural New
Eng-
land Northeastern coast,
MA, CT,
RI, NH,
VT, ME Agriculture,
commerce
in big cities,
shipping
and
insurance
services Little distinction
between religious
& secular
authority,
freemen vote for
local officials,
General Court Life heavily influenced
by religion, little
tolerance- hence
Toleration Act,
Puritans, dissidents
exiled, social hierarchy,
frontier of exclusion Middle
Colon-
ies NY, PA,
NJ, DE,
MD Agriculture,
worlds
breadbasket Quakers,
appointed justices
of the peace,
property owners
elect local officials Ethnically diverse,
religious/social
toleration, communities
tightly knit due to barter
system and kinship
bonds, high mobility
rate, decent relations
with NAI in PA, later
frontier of exclusion Back-
coun-
try Shenandoa
h River
Valley,
Appalachia
n highlands
and west Commercial
farming,
mainly small
farms and
hunting No legal title to
land, disdain for
rank, dominated
by “big men”,
conflict with NAI Men-warriors, women-
domestic labor, conflict
over land disputes and
with NAI, log cabins,
less social structure,
frontier of exclusion South Chesapeak
e & Lower
South Rice,
tobacco,
and other
cash crops,
plantations,
reliance on
slave labor Planter elite
dominate, county
courts, Church of
England Triracial societies, very
rural, lower south-
plantation dominated
social structure,
Chesapeake-Anglican
church and well
developed communities,
frontier of exclusion
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