1. Coronary artery bypass grafting on the beating heart evaluated with integrated backscatter 
Kenichi Imasaka, MD, Shigeki Morita, MD, Ichiro Nagano, MD, Munetaka Masuda, MD, Ryuji Tominaga, MD, Hisataka Yasui, MD 
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 
Volume 70, Issue 3, Pages (September 2000)
DOI: /S (00)

2. Fig 1
Short axis-view of the left ventricle with transesophageal echocardiography in a patient who underwent coronary bypass grafting on the beating heart. The short axis view was zoomed in the area of the anterior wall of the left ventricle (the right panel). A region of interest was drawn that excluded endocardial and pericardial borders. The measurements of integrated backscatter in this area were performed throughout cardiac cycle. (LV = left ventricle; ROI = region of interest.)
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (00) )

3. Fig 2
The change in the magnitude of the cyclic variation of integrated backscatter in all patients (n = 15) who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting on the beating heart. There was a significant improvement in the cyclic variation magnitude after revascularization. Error bars represent standard deviation.
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (00) )

4. Fig 3
Representative integrated backscatter wave forms in patients with poor collateral vessels (A) and with good collateral vessels (B), before occlusion (base line), at 15 minutes of left anterior descending artery (LAD) occlusion, and after revascularization. Note that there was a decline in the magnitude of cyclic variation in the patient with poor collateral vessels during LAD occlusion (A), whereas no significant change in the cyclic variation magnitude was observed in patients with good collateral vessels (B).
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (00) )

5. Fig 4
The magnitude of the cyclic variation of integrated backscatter at base line, 5, 10, 15 minutes during the left anterior descending artery occlusion, and after revascularization. Two-way analysis of variance with repeated measures on one factor showed that the value of the magnitude of the cyclic variation of integrated backscatter was significantly different between the two groups (p < 0.01). At base line, the cyclic variation of integrated backscatter of the good collateral group was significantly higher than that of poor collateral group. Error bars represent standard deviation.
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (00) )