1. Volume 57, Issue 1, Pages 71-78 (January 2010)
Optimizing the Approach for Lymph Node Dissection during Laparoscopic Radical Cystectomy 
Ahmed Ghazi, Reinhold Zimmermann, Amjad Al-Bodour, Alexander Shefler, Gunter Janetschek 
European Urology 
Volume 57, Issue 1, Pages (January 2010)
DOI: /j.eururo
Copyright © 2009 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions

2. Fig. 1
The field of dissection: region 1, paracaval; region 2, interaortocaval; region 3, para-aortic; region 4, common iliac; region 5, intercommon iliac (presacral); region 6, external iliac; region 7, obturator; region 8, internal iliac; region 9, internal iliac branches (medial to the internal iliac).
European Urology  , 71-78DOI: ( /j.eururo )
Copyright © 2009 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions

3. Fig. 2
Trocar arrangement: (A) The classical five-trocar arrangement for radical pelvic surgery; (B) our modified trocar arrangement. The 11-mm optic trocar is repositioned supraumbilically and at the midline; the right lateral 5-mm trocar is also repositioned supraumbilically and medially.
European Urology  , 71-78DOI: ( /j.eururo )
Copyright © 2009 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions

4. Fig. 3
Mobilization of the sigmoid colon: (A) schematic diagram; (B) endoscopic view. U=ureter; C=colon.
European Urology  , 71-78DOI: ( /j.eururo )
Copyright © 2009 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions

5. Fig. 4
Retraction of the mobilized colon using an umbilical tape: (A) passing the tape across the undersurface of the mobilized colon; (B) delivery of both ends of the tape out through the trocar; (C) using a trocar obturator to deliver the tape outside the trocar lumen; (D) final position of the tape beside the trocar.
European Urology  , 71-78DOI: ( /j.eururo )
Copyright © 2009 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions

6. Fig. 5
Left retraction of the mobilized colon exposes the complete right side as well as the left side down to the left iliac bifurcation, which is dissected from right to left: (A) schematic diagram; (B) endoscopic view. The dissected inferior mesenteric artery lies at the cranial border of the template.
European Urology  , 71-78DOI: ( /j.eururo )
Copyright © 2009 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions

7. Fig. 6
Endoscopic view after completing the extended lymph node dissection.
European Urology  , 71-78DOI: ( /j.eururo )
Copyright © 2009 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions

8. Fig. 7
Schematic diagram of the range of vision at the cranial border offered by a 0° telescope at or below the umbilicus. Notice the unusual direction of the optic.
European Urology  , 71-78DOI: ( /j.eururo )
Copyright © 2009 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions

9. Fig. 8
Schematic diagram of the range of vision at the cranial border offered by a 30° telescope above the umbilicus with the optic maintained in a normal direction.
European Urology  , 71-78DOI: ( /j.eururo )
Copyright © 2009 European Association of Urology Terms and Conditions