1. IQM-MED, September 2001, Cordoba, Spain AGRO-FOOD SECTOR in TURKEY: FACTS and FIGURES September 2001 Assoc. Prof. Dr. Guner OZAY Guner.Ozay@posta.mam.gov.tr TÜBITAK-Marmara Research Center Food Science and Technology Research Institute

2. IQM-MED, September 2001, Cordoba, Spain

4. RESEARCH INSTITUTES FOOD SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES ENERGY and ENVIRONMENT MATERIAL and CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGIES MARINE and EARTH SCIENCE NATIONAL METROLOGY ELECTRONIC and CRIPTOLOGY GENETIC ENGINEERING and BIOTECHNOLOGY TECHNOPARK & TECHNOLOGY FREE ZONE TÜBİTAK- MARMARA RESEARCH CENTER

5. IQM-MED, September 2001, Cordoba, Spain SOCIAL and ECONOMIC INDICATORS of TURKEY TÜBİTAK-Marmara Research Center Food Science and Technology Research Institute

6. IQM-MED, September 2001, Cordoba, Spain 1. LAND USE (1999 VALUES) TÜBİTAK-Marmara Research Center Food Science and Technology Research Institute

7. IQM-MED, September 2001, Cordoba, Spain 1.AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION: MAJOR CROPS TÜBİTAK-Marmara Research Center Food Science and Technology Research Institute

8. IQM-MED, September 2001, Cordoba, Spain 1. MAIN CROPS: AREA, PRODUCTION, YIELDS TÜBİTAK-Marmara Research Center Food Science and Technology Research Institute YIELDS AND %CHANGES IN SOME VEGETABLE PRODUCTS (Kg./Da.)

9. IQM-MED, September 2001, Cordoba, Spain 1. INDUSTRIAL FOOD CROPS: FOR FRESH MARKET; PROCESSED TÜBİTAK-Marmara Research Center Food Science and Technology Research Institute

10. IQM-MED, September 2001, Cordoba, Spain 2. AGRICULTURE AND AGRO-BUSINESS WORK FORCE QUALIFICATIONS TÜBİTAK-Marmara Research Center Food Science and Technology Research Center

11. IQM-MED, September 2001, Cordoba, Spain 2. INDEX of PRODUCTION WORKERS in FOOD and BEVERAGES INDUSTRY (1997=100) TÜBİTAK-Marmara Research Center Food Science and Technology Research Institute

12. IQM-MED, September 2001, Cordoba, Spain 2. PRODUCTION INDEX of FOOD and BEVERAGES INDUSTRY (Weighted by Value Added 1997=100) TÜBİTAK-Marmara Research Center Food Science and Technology Research Institute

13. IQM-MED, September 2001, Cordoba, Spain 3. FINAL AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION STRUCTURE: CEREALS TÜBİTAK-Marmara Research Center Food Science and Technology Research Institute

14. IQM-MED, September 2001, Cordoba, Spain 3. FINAL AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION STRUCTURE: CEREALS (CONTINUE) TÜBİTAK-Marmara Research Center Food Science and Technology Research Institute

15. IQM-MED, September 2001, Cordoba, Spain 3. FINAL AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION STRUCTURE: FRUITS (2000) TÜBİTAK-Marmara Research Center Food Science and Technology Research Institute

16. IQM-MED, September 2001, Cordoba, Spain 3. FINAL AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION STRUCTURE: FRUIT (CONTINUE) TÜBİTAK-Marmara Research Center Food Science and Technology Research Institute *: area in hectare. **: production in tons.

17. IQM-MED, September 2001, Cordoba, Spain 3. FINAL AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION STRUCTURE: VEGETABLES TÜBİTAK-Marmara Research Center Food Science and Technology Research Institute

18. IQM-MED, September 2001, Cordoba, Spain 3. FINAL AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION STRUCTURE: VEGETABLES (CONTINUE) TÜBİTAK-Marmara Research Center Food Science and Technology Research Institute

19. IQM-MED, September 2001, Cordoba, Spain 3. FINAL AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION STRUCTURE: OILSEEDS TÜBİTAK-Marmara Research Center Food Science and Technology Research Institute

20. IQM-MED, September 2001, Cordoba, Spain 3. FINAL AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION STRUCTURE: OILSEEDS (CONTINUE) TÜBİTAK-Marmara Research Center Food Science and Technology Research Institute

21. IQM-MED, September 2001, Cordoba, Spain 3. FINAL AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION STRUCTURE: VEGETABLE OILS TÜBİTAK-Marmara Research Center Food Science and Technology Research Institute *: Estimate

22. IQM-MED, September 2001, Cordoba, Spain 3. FINAL AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION STRUCTURE : ALCOHOLIC AND NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES (Million Litres) TÜBİTAK-Marmara Research Center Food Science and Technology Research Institute *Estimated

23. IQM-MED, September 2001, Cordoba, Spain 3. FINAL AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION STRUCTURE: ORGANIC AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS (1999) TÜBİTAK-Marmara Research Center Food Science and Technology Research Institute

24. IQM-MED, September 2001, Cordoba, Spain 3. FINAL AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION STRUCTURE: ORGANIC AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS (Exports, in Tons) TÜBİTAK-Marmara Research Center Food Science and Technology Research Institute

25. IQM-MED, September 2001, Cordoba, Spain 4. FINAL LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION: TÜBİTAK-Marmara Research Center Food Science and Technology Research Institute MEAT PRODUCTION (1000 Tons)

26. IQM-MED, September 2001, Cordoba, Spain 4. FINAL LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION: NUMBER OF LIVESTOCK (in Thousand) TÜBİTAK-Marmara Research Center Food Science and Technology Research Institute

27. IQM-MED, September 2001, Cordoba, Spain 4. FINAL LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION: MILK PRODUCTION (Tons) TÜBİTAK-Marmara Research Center Food Science and Technology Research Institute *: estimated

28. IQM-MED, September 2001, Cordoba, Spain 4. FINAL LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION: DAIRY PRODUCTS (1000 Tons) TÜBİTAK-Marmara Research Center Food Science and Technology Research Institute *: estimated

29. IQM-MED, September 2001, Cordoba, Spain 4. FINAL LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION: CHICKEN/BROILER MEAT TÜBİTAK-Marmara Research Center Food Science and Technology Research Institute

30. IQM-MED, September 2001, Cordoba, Spain 4. FINAL LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION: EGGS TÜBİTAK-Marmara Research Center Food Science and Technology Research Institute

31. IQM-MED, September 2001, Cordoba, Spain 5. FOOD CONSUMPTION (1994) TÜBİTAK-Marmara Research Center Food Science and Technology Research Institute

32. IQM-MED, September 2001, Cordoba, Spain 5. FOOD CONSUMPTION (CONTINUE) TÜBİTAK-Marmara Research Center Food Science and Technology Research Institute

33. IQM-MED, September 2001, Cordoba, Spain 6. AGRO-FOOD INDUSTRY (2000) TÜBİTAK-Marmara Research Center Food Science and Technology Research Institute

34. IQM-MED, September 2001, Cordoba, Spain 7. FOOD QUALITY: TRENDS AND POLICIES Turkey is the largest producer and exporter of agricultural products in the Near East and North African region. Export of agricultural commodities accounted for: – %15.1 (2000) – %14.3 (2001/6 month) of Turkeys total export earnings. The principal objectives of theTurkish agricultural policy are; – to stabilize agricultural prices; to provide growing population; –to increase yields and outputs; –to reduce the vulnerability of production to weather conditions; –to develop rural areas; –to promote the application of modern agricultural techniques –to develop the export potential of agriculture. TÜBİTAK-Marmara Research Center Food Science and Technology Research Institute

35. IQM-MED, September 2001, Cordoba, Spain 7. FOOD QUALITY: TRENDS AND POLICIES As of January 1, 1996, date of the entry into force of the Customs Union with the EU and Turkey has eliminated all custom duties and charges having equivalent effect on imports of industrial products from the EU. The custom Union initially covers only processed agricultural products containing cereals, sugar and milk along with industrial products. Free circulation of traditional agricultural products between Turkey and the EU will become possible to the extent that Turkey approximate its agricultural policy to the Common Agricultural Policy of the EU. TÜBİTAK-Marmara Research Center Food Science and Technology Research Institute

36. IQM-MED, September 2001, Cordoba, Spain 7. FOOD QUALITY: TRENDS AND POLICIES International food regulations (CA, EU, FDA) are followed/harmonised with national regulations. As a contracting party, Turkey complies with the obligations required by WTO Agreement (GATT):SPS (Sanitary and Phytosanitary) and TBT (Technical Barriers to Trade and Tariffs) rules Turkey signed a free trade agreement with the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) in 1991; it is negotiating free trade agreements with several central European countries. In 1992 Turkey and 10 other regional nations formed the Black Sea Economic Cooperation Council to expand regional trade and economic cooperation. Biosafety regulations for modern biotechnology are underpreparation by TUBITAK. Regulations for GMOs are being prepared in accordance with EU Directives. TÜBİTAK-Marmara Research Center Food Science and Technology Research Institute

37. IQM-MED, September 2001, Cordoba, Spain 8. FOOD INDUSTRY LEGISLATION In Turkey, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (MARA) inspects all food products. Turkish Food Codex (TFC) has been enforced and related regulations issued for the implementation of the Decree of 560 (Force of Law) Concerning Production, Consumption and Inspection of Foodstuffs (1995). The TFC has been prepared within the framework of the adoptation of technical legislation, it is in harmony with EU legislations 64 main directives on foodstuffs and several directives specifying their prospective implementations and amendments have been examined. TFC covers technical and hygienic principals of food processing, food additives, residues and contaminants, sampling, labelling, transportation, storage and analyses. TÜBİTAK-Marmara Research Center Food Science and Technology Research Institute

38. IQM-MED, September 2001, Cordoba, Spain 8. FOOD INDUSTRY LEGISLATION (CONTINUE) Conventional Foodstuffs Control System based on control of the final product is being replaced by QA systems (HACCP, GMP) which takes measures promptly at the critical control points by identifying the risks that may occur at these points, and thus provides supplying of healthier and higher quality food at acceptable levels of risks to consumers. HACCP system is an obligation of TFC for primarily easily perishable food processing plants.(Not fully appliedin all sector) ISO 9000 certification is widespreadly applied in the industry Ministry of Health is responsible for registration of food companies prior to launching the production; production permission is granted by MARA. TÜBİTAK-Marmara Research Center Food Science and Technology Research Institute

39. IQM-MED, September 2001, Cordoba, Spain 8. FOOD INDUSTRY LEGISLATION (CONTINUE) Safety and quality of the food should be controlled by laboratories. The accreditation has been granted to the laboratories of TUBITAK-MRC Food Science & Technology Research Institute against ISO / IEC 17025:1999. Other related organisations are :Undersecretariat of Customs(export/import); Undersecretariat of Foreign Trade (Foreign Trade Policy, harmonisation with EU legislation), Local Municipalities (local inspection food sale places).. TÜBİTAK-Marmara Research Center Food Science and Technology Research Center

40. IQM-MED, September 2001, Cordoba, Spain BRIEFLY Turkey has a high potential for agricultural production Processing &Packaging industry is progressing rapidly Food regulations are harmonised with EU SMEs are major companies (90-95% by number) and needs to be assisted scientificly and technologicallly Frozen foods, oils&fats, tomato paste, confectionery sector use modern technologies Ready to eat, functional, organic foods are becoming popular as the changes in consumer trends. QA systems are being established in the enterprises Natural drying is mostly applied for fruits/vegetables Fresh preservation(CA,MAP,minimally processing) needs to be improved TÜBİTAK-Marmara Research Center Food Science and Technology Research Institute

41. IQM-MED, September 2001, Cordoba, Spain Thank you... TÜBİTAK-Marmara Research Center Food Science and Technology Research Institute