1. Cells and Tissues

2. I. OVERVIEW OF THE CELLULAR BASIS OF LIFE
CELL THEORY
A. *Structural & Functional unit of life =
B. *Activity of Organism depend on?
C. Biochemical activity of cells: depends on the number of subcellular structures
D. Cells are the basis for the continuance of Life

3. E. Complex Cells: all have 3 parts: what are they?
*1.
*2.
*3.
Figure 3.1a

4. II. The Nucleus A. *Overall Function B. Parts
*1. Nuclear envelope define
Structure
*Nuclear pores: Define
2. Nucleoli:
*Function:

5. II. The Nucleus …
3. Chromatin
*Composed of:
*Chromosomes define

6. III. Plasma (Cell) Membrane
A. Overall Function:
B. Components– Fluid Mosaic Model
1. Double phospholipid layer tail to tail
a. Two layers with nonpolar portions facing each other
b. Polar ends are where?
c. Mechanism of why layers form the boundary:
*Hydrophilic =
*Hydrophobic = P

7. *2. Cholesterol– function: *3. Proteins– functions: 4. Glycoproteins
Components …
*2. Cholesterol– function: *3. Proteins– functions: 4. Glycoproteins

8. Plasma Membrane
PLAY
Membrane Structure
Figure 3.2

9. C. Plasma Membrane Specializations
1. Microvilli
Structure
Function

10. IV. Cytoplasm & Organelles
*Cytosol =
Organelles =

11. ORGANELLES
A. Mitochondria
*Shape & Structure
Function:
Gas needed:
Chemical produced:
B. Ribosomes
*Chemicals composed of
Locations:

12. C. Vesicles = Types & Functions Transport Secretory Vesicles Lysosomes
Transport Vessicle

13. Cytoplasm & Organelles …
D. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
Structure:
TYPES
1. Rough ER
*Structure: have ______________ embedded in them
Functions
(1) & (2)
(3) Transport Vessicle
(4) Transported

14. 2. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum *Structure has No what? *Functions
E. Golgi Apparatus
*Structure:
Functions
ER works with Golgi
Rough ER vesicle
Golgi modifies
Golgi Secretory Vesicle or Lysosome
Rough ER
Golgi apparatus

15. F. *Cytoskeleton: define
*Functions:
Structure
- *Made up of what three components?
G. *Centrioles
*Location
*Structure:
Figure 3.7a

16. H. Cellular Projections
*General Structure; both types below have what common shape?
*General Function: both types below can do what?
TYPES
Cilia
*Specific Function:
Flagella

17. V. Cell Diversity & Physiology A. Cell Diversity
Figure 3.8a

18. B. Cell Physiology 1. Transport of Substances Across Cell Membrane
a. Types of fluid in the body
i) *Intracellular fluid =
ii) *Interstitial fluid (extracellular) =
b. *Solutions
i) *Solvent =
ii) *Solutes =
** Remember that Membranes are Selective Permeability

19. PASSIVE TRANSPORT PROCESSES c. Simple Diffusion
i) *Substances will diffuse from a ________To________ concentration
ii) Concentration Gradient:
iv) Diffusion Through a Membrane
With no help
*Substances transported: what type?
Facilitated Diffusion:
- Protein Carrier
- *Substances transported: what type?
EQUILIBRIUM
Figure 3.9
PLAY
Diffusion

20. *What organ uses filtration?
d. *Osmosis define
PLAY
Osmosis
e. Filtration
Force
Pores in membrane
Pressure gradient
*What organ uses filtration?

21. Substances: Amino acids, some sugars, ions Carrier Proteins = pumps
f. Active Transport
Substances: Amino acids, some sugars, ions
Carrier Proteins = pumps
Energy:
LOW to HIGH
Two different
substances can
be moved at the
same time
NEXT SLIDE
Na+
Na+
PUMP P
Na+
Na+
Na+
Na+ P
ATP
ADP
PLAY
Active Transport

22. For Two Substances Being Transported: Sodium/Potassium Pump
Extracellular fluid
Na+ K+
Na+ P
Na+ P
Na+
Na+ K+ 3
Na+ P K+ K+
ATP
ADP
Binding of cytoplasmic Na+ to the pump protein using ATP
Protein changes shape and Na+ is released outside Cell. 3
Extracellular K+ binds to Proteins and is moved to inside of cell
Cytoplasm
Figure 3.11, step 2

23. g. Vesicular Transport = i) *Exocytosis: define
ii) *Endocytosis: define
- Phagocytosis
Exocytosis
PLAY

24. Active Transport Processes: Exocytosis
Figure 3.12b

25. 2. Cell Life Cycle & Cell Division
a. Interphase = Cell carries on metabolic processes and
- DNA
b. Cell division
DNA
Mitosis 
Meiosis 
3. Protein Synthesis
Role of DNA
Role of RNA

26. END