2. Welcome to CMPE003 Personal Computers: Hardware and Software Dr. Chane Fullmer Fall 2002 UC Santa Cruz

3. October 7, 20022 Class Information Midterm #1 – This Friday, October 11, 2002. – ID required. – Covers Chapters 1 through 5. – Multiple choice Requires Scantron #F-1712-ERI-L (pink) ~50 questions – No makeups after the fact

4. October 7, 20023 Assignments Homework #3 – Due October 18 – Design your own Webpage – Keep in mind --- The world at large will see your page Dont put private or sensitive information on your Webpage. – Details and sample – see class page – http://www.soe.ucsc.edu/classes/cmpe003/Fall02/

5. Input and Output: The User Connection Chapter 5 Part A

6. October 7, 20025 Objectives Describe the user relationship with computer input and output Explain how data is input to a computer system and differentiate among various input equipment Describe how a monitor works and the characteristics that determine quality List and describe the different methods of computer output Differentiate among different kinds of printers Explain the function of a computer terminal and describe the types of terminals

7. October 7, 20026 Input and Output Input Users submit input data Output Users get processed information

8. October 7, 20027 Input Data from the user to the computer Converts raw data into electronic form

9. October 7, 20028 Diversity of Input Methods Zebra-striped bar codes on supermarket items Word commands operate a forklift truck An order is entered using a pen on a special pad Time clock generates paycheck Data on checks are read and used to prepare a monthly bank statement Charge-card transactions generate customer bills

10. October 7, 20029 Keyboard Traditional –Looks like typewriter with extra keys Non-traditional –Fast food restaurants –Each key represents a food item rather than a character

11. October 7, 200210 Keyboard Function Keys Give commands Software specific Main Keyboard Typewriter keys Special command keys

12. October 7, 200211 Keyboard Numeric Keys –Num Lock – toggle –On – n umeric data & math symbols –Off – cursor movement Cursor Movement Keys

13. October 7, 200212 Keyboard Special Keys Enter Esc Alt Ctrl Caps Lock Shortcut Windows Shift

14. October 7, 200213 Pointing Devices Position a pointer / cursor on the screen Controls drawing instruments in graphics applications Communicate commands to a program

15. October 7, 200214 Pointing Devices Mouse Types –Mechanical –Optical –Wireless Features –Palm-sized –1 or 2 buttons –Wheel

16. October 7, 200215 The First Mouse Doug Engelbart invented the computer mouse in 1963-64 as part of an experiment to find better ways to point and click on a display screen. It was made in a shop at SRI. The casing was carved out of wood. The mouse had only one button - that was all there was room for. Invented by Doug Englebart at SRI, 1963/4

17. October 7, 200216 The First Mouse Invented by Doug Englebart at SRI, 1963/4 Two wheels mounted perpendicularly to each other in the mouse's underbelly tracked the X- Y motion. The mouse was patented in 1970 as an "X-Y Position Indicator."

18. October 7, 200217 Early Workstation – Circa 1967 Close-up of first production model of the mouse 1967, this model made of plastic casing with metal underbelly, same wheel design, now with three buttons.

19. October 7, 200218 Keyset, Mouse and Keyboard Circa 1968 A 1968 mouse-keyset combination installed on an ergonomic keyboard-console. This is the first production model of the mouse with plastic casing and metal underbelly, and with three buttons. This setup was used for the famous "mother of all demos" during the 1968 Fall Joint Computer Conference and included a tilt-swivel office chair. The assembly was custom-made by the Herman Miller furniture company.

20. October 7, 200219 Other Pointing Devices Trackball –Upside-down mouse –Ball on top –Roll ball with hand –Laptop computers Touchpad –Pressure-sensitive pad –Cursor moves as you slide your finger –Laptop computers

21. October 7, 200220 Other Pointing Devices Pointing stick Pressure-sensitive post Mounted between G and H keys on keyboard Apply pressure in a direction to move cursor Joystick Short lever Handgrip Distance and speed of movement control pointer position

22. October 7, 200221 Graphics Tablet Digitizing tablet Rectangular board Invisible grid of electronic dots Write with stylus or puck Sends locations of electronic dots as stylus moves over them Creates precise drawings Architects and engineers

23. October 7, 200222 Touch Screens Human points to a selection on the screen –Finger, pencil, etc.. Types –Edges emit horizontal and vertical beams of light that crisscross the screen –Senses finger pressure –Light pen for pointing

24. October 7, 200223 Touch Screens Kiosks –Self-help stations –Easy to use –Where found Malls Airports Disney World Government offices

25. October 7, 200224 Pen-based Computing Small hand-held devices Electronic pen (stylus) –Pointer –Handwritten input Personal Digital Assistants (PDA)

26. October 7, 200225 Source Data Automation Special equipment to collect data at the source Sent directly to a computer Avoids need to key data Related input areas –Magnetic-Ink Character Recognition –Scanners –Optical recognition devices –Voice

27. October 7, 200226 MICR Magnetic-Ink Character Recognition Read characters made of magnetic particles Numbers on the bottom of checks MICR inscriber – adds characters to check that show amount cashed

28. October 7, 200227 Optical Scanners Optical recognition Light beam scans input data Most common type of source input Document imaging – converts paper documents to electronic form Converts snapshots into images Converts scanned image of text into characters – OCR Exact computer-produced replica of original Exact computer-produced replica of original

29. October 7, 200228 Types of Scanners Flatbed –One sheet at a time –Scans bound documents Sheetfeed –Motorized rollers –Sheet moves across scanning head –Small, convenient size –Less versatile than flatbed –Prone to errors

30. October 7, 200229 Types of Scanners Handheld –Least expensive –Least accurate –Portable –User must move the scanner in a straight line at a fixed rate –Wide document causes problems

31. October 7, 200230 Optical Recognition Optical mark recognition (OMR) –Mark sensing –Exams (Scantron ) –Recognizes the location of the marks Optical character recognition (OCR) –Light source reads special characters –OCR-A is ANSI standard typeface for optical characters

32. October 7, 200231 Optical Recognition Wand Reader Retail stores Libraries Hospitals Factories

33. October 7, 200232 Optical Recognition Bar Code Reader Photoelectric device Reads bar codes Inexpensive Reliable Where Used? –Supermarket – UPC –Federal Express

34. October 7, 200233 Optical Recognition Handwritten Characters Must follow rigid rules Size Completeness Legibility

35. October 7, 200234 Voice Input Speech Recognition Speech recognition devices –Input via a microphone –Voice converted to binary code Problems –Speaker-dependent –Voice training

36. October 7, 200235 Voice Input Changing radio frequencies in airplane cockpits Placing a call on a car phone Requesting stock-market quotations over the phone Command from physically disabled users

37. October 7, 200236 Voice Input Discrete word systems –Understand isolated words –Pause between words –Difficult for dictation Continuous word systems –Normal speaking pattern –Easy to use –Faster and easier to dictate than to key

38. October 7, 200237 Digital Cameras Photos stored in electronic form No film Point and shoot Edit

39. October 7, 200238 Wednesday Ch 5 continued -- Outputs… Friday… Midterm…

40. October 7, 200239