1. Ectopic fat and cardiometabolic and vascular risk
Soo Lim, James B. Meigs 
International Journal of Cardiology 
Volume 169, Issue 3, Pages (November 2013)
DOI: /j.ijcard
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2. Fig. 1
Pathological accumulation of excess adipose tissue in the abdomen, liver, and muscle, and around the heart, blood vessels, and kidney. Increased fat accumulation in the abdomen, particularly in the visceral area, is a major risk factor for many diseases, including hypertension, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, and atherosclerosis. Ectopic fat accumulation in major organs may affect organ-specific diseases with or without abdominal obesity.
International Journal of Cardiology  , DOI: ( /j.ijcard )
Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions

3. Fig. 2
Ectopic fat assessment. A. Locally acting fat depots assessed using CT: perivascular fat, pericardial fat, and perirenal fat. B. Systemically acting fat depots: fat in the neck, abdominal fat, liver fat, and muscle fat at the mid-thigh level. Lower-body subcutaneous fat measured by DXA scan (yellow rectangle). Fat in the neck and abdominal fat are measured by CT. Liver and muscle fat are measured using MRS.
*Adapted from Fox et al. [138]. †Adapted from Foster et al. [151].
International Journal of Cardiology  , DOI: ( /j.ijcard )
Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd Terms and Conditions