1. Mouse Carotid Artery Ligation Induces Platelet-Leukocyte–Dependent Luminal Fibrin, Required for Neointima Development
by Tomihisa Kawasaki, Mieke Dewerchin, H. Roger Lijnen, I. Vreys, Jos Vermylen, and Marc F. Hoylaerts
Circulation Research
Volume 88(2):
February 2, 2001
Copyright © American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved.

2. Platelet deposition after carotid artery ligation.
Platelet deposition after carotid artery ligation. Immunohistochemical detection of platelets in murine blood buffy coat (a), murine spleen (b), and an experimental injury-induced platelet-rich thrombus, produced as in Reference 29 (c). Shown are platelet microaggregates, indicated by white arrows, at the endothelial lumen of the carotid artery in wt mice 1 day after ligation (d); decoration of adhering leukocytes with platelets 1 day (d) and 3 days (e) after ligation (yellow arrows); and extensive platelet thrombus 1 week after ligation (f). Bar=50 μm.
Tomihisa Kawasaki et al. Circ Res. 2001;88:
Copyright © American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved.

3. Carotid artery morphology after ligation.
Carotid artery morphology after ligation. H&E staining of cross sections of the ligated carotid artery of C57BL/6J mice after 1 day (a), 3 days (b), 1 week (c), and 2 weeks (d) and of busulfan-treated C57BL/6J mice (e) and of FVIII−/− mice at day 3 (f). Bar=100 μm.
Tomihisa Kawasaki et al. Circ Res. 2001;88:
Copyright © American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved.

4. Coagulation in ligated carotid artery.
Coagulation in ligated carotid artery. Fibrin staining (brown) in wt mice (a through c) and u-PA−/− mice (d through f). Carotid artery cross sections 3 days (a), 1 week (b and d through f), and 2 weeks (c) after ligation. Smooth muscle cells migrating over the fibrin matrix are indicated with arrows Bar=100 μm.
Tomihisa Kawasaki et al. Circ Res. 2001;88:
Copyright © American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved.

5. Tissue factor expression after ligation.
Tissue factor expression after ligation. Expression of tissue factor (brown) in early luminal deposits and luminal cells 3 days after carotid artery ligation in wt mice (a) and in areas adjacent to the neointima after 1 week (b) or 2 weeks (c). d, presence of tissue factor in the neointima after 2 weeks. Bar=50 μm.
Tomihisa Kawasaki et al. Circ Res. 2001;88:
Copyright © American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved.

6. Neointima formation in the ligated murine carotid artery.
Neointima formation in the ligated murine carotid artery. Cross-sectional area within the EEL and IEL as a function of time after ligation of the carotid artery in C57BL/6J control mice. The free-luminal surface and derived-media index and luminal stenosis data are mean±SEM for the number of animals indicated in parentheses. *P<0.05; **P<0.01.
Tomihisa Kawasaki et al. Circ Res. 2001;88:
Copyright © American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved.

7. Carotid artery neointima formation in gene-deficient mice.
Carotid artery neointima formation in gene-deficient mice. Degree of neointima formation 1 and 2 weeks after carotid artery ligation in FVIII−/−, u-PA−/−, t-PA−/−, PAI-1−/−, and α2-AP−/− mice (light bars) in comparison with wt controls with identical genetic background (black bars); data are mean±SEM for the number of animals indicated in parentheses. *P<0.05; **P<0.01.
Tomihisa Kawasaki et al. Circ Res. 2001;88:
Copyright © American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved.

8. Thrombocytopenia and intimal proliferation.
Thrombocytopenia and intimal proliferation. Degree of neointima formation 1 and 2 weeks after carotid artery ligation in C57BL/6J mice after partial thrombocytopenia induction compared with vehicle-treated controls. **P<0.01.
Tomihisa Kawasaki et al. Circ Res. 2001;88:
Copyright © American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved.

9. Fibrinogen depletion and intimal proliferation.
Fibrinogen depletion and intimal proliferation. Degree of stenosis 2 weeks after carotid artery ligation in C57BL/6J mice partially depleted in plasma fibrinogen by injection with ancrod 8 hours before and 2 days after ligation (early depletion) or by ancrod injection on days 6, 8, 10, and 12 (late depletion) compared with vehicle-treated controls. **P<0.01.
Tomihisa Kawasaki et al. Circ Res. 2001;88:
Copyright © American Heart Association, Inc. All rights reserved.