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Published byDominick Malone Modified over 6 years ago
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Figure 1 Representative transoesophageal echocardiographic images of ventricular fibrillation during cardiopulmonary bypass. (A) Mid-oesophageal aortic valve long-axis view and (B) mid-oesophageal 4-chamber view. During ventricular fibrillation, an opened aortic valve results in flooding into the LV. This figure and accompanying video clips demonstrate that the aortic valve remains opened with a floating leaflet, resulting in LV distension. AV: aortic valve; LA: left atrium; MV: mitral valve; RV:right ventricle; LV: left ventricle. From: Clinical implications of hypothermic ventricular fibrillation versus beating-heart technique during cardiopulmonary bypass for pulmonary valve replacement in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot Interact CardioVasc Thorac Surg. 2017;25(3): doi: /icvts/ivx148 Interact CardioVasc Thorac Surg | © The Author Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery. All rights reserved.
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Figure 2 Representative continuous-wave Doppler images of MR during fibrillation of 3 patients (A, B and C). All MR velocities were ∼3.5 m/s. The pressure gradient between the left atrium and left ventricle was calculated as ∼50 mmHg, using the simplified Bernoulli equation. From: Clinical implications of hypothermic ventricular fibrillation versus beating-heart technique during cardiopulmonary bypass for pulmonary valve replacement in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot Interact CardioVasc Thorac Surg. 2017;25(3): doi: /icvts/ivx148 Interact CardioVasc Thorac Surg | © The Author Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery. All rights reserved.
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