1. Content:
Dataformats: Grib, NetCDF
Tools for Postprocessing: cdo, cdat, (nco, PINGO)
Examples for use of cdo
Tools for Visualization: cdat, LE-Graphics, (GrADS)
Examples for use of vcdat (GUI of cdat)
Examples for use of LE-Graphics

2. GRIB
NetCDF
Postprocessing:
cdo, PINGOs
cdo, cdat, nco
Visualisation:
GrADS
GrADS, cdat, vtk
Ferret, LE-Graphics

3. Why change from PINGO to cdo?
PINGO was designed for GRIB-files
NetCDF files have a different structure, that does not fit into
the PINGO design.

4. NetCDF file information
netcdf zzz {
dimensions:
lon = 192 ;
lat = 96 ;
lev = 1 ;
time = UNLIMITED ; // (10 currently)
variables:
double lon(lon) ;
lon:long_name = "longitude" ;
lon:units = "degrees_east" ;
double lat(lat) ;
lat:long_name = "latitude" ;
lat:units = "degrees_north" ;
double lev(lev) ;
lev:long_name = "pressure" ;
lev:units = "Pa" ;
double time(time) ;
time:units = "day as %Y%m%d.%f" ;
float q(time, lev, lat, lon) ;
q:long_name = "specific humidity" ;
q:units = "kg/kg" ;
q:code = 133 ;
q:table = 128 ;
q:grid_type = "gaussian" ;
// global attributes:
:CDO = "Climate Data Operators version " ;
:source = "ECHAM5.2" ;
:institution = "Max-Planck-Institute for Meteorology" ; }
NetCDF file information

5. Grib header information:
ds8 55%grib -ginfo zzz.grb
Rec : Position Size : V PDS GDS BMS BDS : Code Level : LType GType
1 : : : :
2 : : : :
3 : : : :
4 : : : :
5 : : : :
ds8 56%grib -gdsinfo zzz.grb
Rec : GDS NV PVPL Typ : xsize ysize Lat1 Lon1 Lat2 Lon2 dx dy
1 : :
2 : :
3 : :
4 : :
5 : :
ds8 57%

6. Climate Data Operators cdo:
by Uwe Schulzweida (MPIM)
will replace the PINGO package
significant faster than the PINGO tools
written in ansi c , runs on LINUX, UNIX, Mac OS X
reads and writes NetCDF and GRIB files
- (and EXTRA, SERVICE)
Informations and Downloads via

7. cdo:
Documentation
• User's Guide (pdf 400KB)
• Reference Card (pdf 100KB)
• Introduction (pdf 100KB)
• Online help with 'cdo -h operator‘
Release The current CDO version is 0.9.4,
updated 3 January 2005.
• Download source code (600KB)

10. Examples for use of cdo: Grib to netCDF
cdo -f nc [-t table] copy zzz.grb zzz.nc
Table (containing Code name longname units):
1 sftlf land_fraction [%]
2 tos sea_surface_temperature [K]
4 pr precipitation_flux [kg m-2 s-1]
5 so sea_water_salinity [PSU]
84 zobt sea_floor_depth [m]
167 tas air_temperature [K]

11. Examples for use of cdo: GrADS description file
cdo gradsdes file.grb
creates
file.ctl the GrADS description file
file.gmp the INDEX file

12. Examples for use of cdo: Piping, missing, etc
cdo -f ext daymean MSLP.grb A1_psl
cdo -f ext daymin T2MIN.grb A1_tasmin
cdo -f ext daymax T2MAX.grb A1_tasmax
cdo -f ext add -daymean APRL.grb -daymean APRC.grb A1_pr
cdo -f ext sub -daymean TRADS.grb -daymean TRADSU.grb A1_rlds
cdo -f ext sub -daymean SRADS.grb -daymean SRADSU.grb zwisch1_rsds
cdo gtc,0.0 zwisch1_rsds zwisch2_rsds
cdo setmisstoc,0.0 -ifthen zwisch2_rsds zwisch1_rsds A1_rsds
cdo -f ext mulc,-1. -daymean AHFL.grb A1_hfls

13. cdat:
graphic (cdat) and postprocessing (cdms modules)
package for climate data
- uses Python as scripting language
available GUI vcdat
support and download via

16. LE-Graphics:
by Karin Meier-Fleischer (M&D) for PRISM
easy-to-use interface for simple 2d-graphics based on
cdat/ cdms
stand-alone package for building plots with
one command line
can be used with SRE for monitoring the model run

17. LE_parameter.py -i "$DATA/clt_A1.nc" -var "clt"
LE-Graphics:
USAGE: LE-parameter.py -i <datafile> -var <variable>
[-p <projection>][-lat <lat0:lat1>] [-lon <lon0:lon1>]
[-bounds <lat:lon>][-gxo <graphicsmethod>][-gol <overlay>]
[-gov <var_over>][-m][-mask <mask file>][-mvar <mask variable>]
[-gridfile <file>][-nc <value>][-dint <value>][-or <type>]
[-pr <type>][-colors <coltab>][-user <uid>][-t <time>][-tser]
[-l <level>][-bg <value>][-u <units>][-yrev][-notext][-h]
The easiest command:
LE_parameter.py -i "$DATA/clt_A1.nc" -var "clt"

18. Example 1: surface pressure with contour intervall 2500 Pa
LE_parameter.py -i "ps_A1.nc" -var "ps" -dint colors "BlauGelbRot32"
-pr "GIF" -o „ps_A1_dint2500.gif"

19. Example 2: 2m temperature in Mollweide projection with
contour intervall 2.5 K
LE_parameter.py -i "BOT_ nc"
-var "temp2" -dint "2.5"
-p "mollweide“
-colors "BlauGelbRot32" -pr "GIF"
-o "temp2_mollweide.gif"

20. Example 3: 2m temp with wind-vector overlay:
LE_parameter.py -i "BOT_ nc" -var "temp2" -dint "2.5"
-p "linear" -gol "vector" -gov "u10:v10" -colors "Rainbow32"

21. Example 4: Sea surface Temperature on curve linear grid
LE_parameter.py
-i "SSTOCEAN.nc“ 
-var "SSTOCEAN"
-p "linear" -m
-colors "BlueToRed16" 

22. Thank You!