1. Tissue Velocities and Myocardial Deformation in Asymptomatic and Symptomatic Aortic Stenosis 
Helle Gervig Carstensen, MD, PhD, Linnea Hornbech Larsen, MD, PhD, Christian Hassager, MD, DMSc, Klaus Fuglsang Kofoed, MD, DMSc, Morten Dalsgaard, MD, PhD, Charlotte Burup Kristensen, MD, Jan Skov Jensen, MD, PhD, DMSc, Rasmus Mogelvang, MD, PhD 
Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography 
Volume 28, Issue 8, Pages (August 2015)
DOI: /j.echo
Copyright © 2015 American Society of Echocardiography Terms and Conditions

2. Figure 1
Differences in regional longitudinal strain (RLS) in asymptomatic and symptomatic aortic stenosis. (Top) Mean values of basal, middle, and apical longitudinal strain in asymptomatic moderate aortic stenosis (left) and asymptomatic severe aortic stenosis (right). (Bottom) Mean values of basal, middle, and apical longitudinal strain in symptomatic aortic stenosis with preserved LVEF (left) and reduced LVEF (right). The color code and the explanatory bull's-eye plot are displayed at the far left. ANT, Anterior; ANT SEPT, anteroseptal; INF, inferior; LAT, lateral; POST, posterior; SEPT, septum.
Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography  , DOI: ( /j.echo )
Copyright © 2015 American Society of Echocardiography Terms and Conditions

3. Figure 2
Regional differences in systolic and diastolic velocities by color Doppler tissue imaging. (Left) Absolute regional values for peak systolic (s′), peak early diastolic (e′), and peak late diastolic (a′) in the six mitral annular segments in the asymptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis. The colored six-segment plots visualize the mean differences in s′, e′, and a′ in patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis and preserved LVEF (middle) and severe symptomatic and reduced LVEF (right) compared with asymptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis. The color code is displayed in the lower left corner. P values are depicted with symbols on the figures in the segments with significant difference compared with asymptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis. ∗P < .01, †P < .001, and ‡P < .05 compared with asymptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis. ANT, Anterior; ANT SEPT, anteroseptal; INF, inferior; LAT, lateral; POST, posterior; SEPT, septum.
Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography  , DOI: ( /j.echo )
Copyright © 2015 American Society of Echocardiography Terms and Conditions

4. Figure 3
Multivariate logistic regression models depicting the associations of global and regional longitudinal function with symptomatic status in the entire cohort. Longitudinal displacement, e′, and BLS remained significantly associated with symptomatic status in the subgroup with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (marked with stars). ALS, Apical longitudinal strain; ALSR, apical longitudinal strain rate; AVA, aortic valve area; BLSR, basal longitudinal strain rate; GLSR, global longitudinal strain rate; HR, heart rate; LAVI, left atrial volume index; LVMI, left ventricular mass index; MLS, midlongitudinal strain; MLSR, midlongitudinal strain rate; SVI, stroke volume index; TAPSE, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion.
Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography  , DOI: ( /j.echo )
Copyright © 2015 American Society of Echocardiography Terms and Conditions

5. Figure 4
Distribution of global and regional longitudinal function in asymptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis and symptomatic patients with preserved or reduced (<50%) LVEF. Plots of cumulative percentages of longitudinal displacement, e′, and BLS in asymptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis and symptomatic patients with or without preserved LVEF. (Top) Longitudinal displacement; none of the asymptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis had values < 7 mm (dotted line), and only 40% had values < 10 mm (dotted line). (Middle) Peak early diastolic e′; 35% of the asymptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis had values < 4 cm/sec (dotted line), in contrast to the symptomatic groups, with 55% of the symptomatic patients with preserved LVEF and 65% of the patients with reduced LVEFs. (Bottom) BLS; the two symptomatic groups, regardless of LVEF, showed the same distribution when BLS was <13% (dotted line).
Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography  , DOI: ( /j.echo )
Copyright © 2015 American Society of Echocardiography Terms and Conditions