1. Past tenses

2. Past Simple Regular verbs Irregular verbs
get -d, -ed ending in the positive form
I played
I did not (didn’t) play
Did I play?
Have their own forms (second column) in the positive form
I wrote
I did not (didn’t) write
Did I write?

3. Spelling changes: Work – worked Love – loved
Beg – begged (one syllable, one vowel, one consonant)
Refer – referred (two syllables, stress on the second one)
Play – played (consonant is not doubled if it is y or w)
Carry – carried (consonant + y, y changes into i)
Enjoy – enjoyed (vowel + y, y doesn’t change)

4. Past Simple uses: For a finished action in the past
I watched TV yesterday.
For a series of actions in a story (chronological order)
I left home at 8, rushed to the station and pushed onto a packed
train.
For a past state or habit
When Nick was young, he played with his sister all the time.

5. Time expressions: Yesterday Two days ago, 5 minutes ago..
Last night, last week…
In 1995
In April
In summer
On Sunday
When I was young

6. Used to + verb Also used for past habits
Functions in the same way as Past Simple
Nick used to play with his sister all the time.
Nick didn’t use to play…
Did Nick use to play…?

7. Past Continuous
Past Simple of the helping verb to BE (was / were) + Present Participle of the main verb (ing form)
I was playing, I wasn’t playing, Was I playing?
You were playing, You weren’t playing, Were you playing?
He, she, it was playing
We were playing
You were playing
They were playing

8. Past Continuous uses: For an activity in the progress in the past
Yesterday at 8 am we were eating breakfast.
For descriptions
It was a beautiful day yesterday. The sun was shining and the birds
were singing.
For incomplete past activity
I was reading an interesting book yesterday. (but I didn’t finish)
(I read an interesting book yesterday. - I finished )

9. Past Continuous uses: For interrupted (prekinutu) past activity
I was having a bath, when the phone rang.
For two simultaneous (istovremene) past activities in progress
While I was reading a book, my sister was watching TV.

10. Past Perfect Simple
Past Simple of the helping verb to have + Past Participle of the main verb in all forms
Regular / irregular verbs
I had played / I had written (third column)
I hadn’t played / I hadn’t written
Had I played? / Had I written?

11. Past Perfect Simple uses:
For an action that happend before another past action (za pretprošlu radnju)
As soon as he started talking, I knew we had met before.
To tell a story in retrospective order
When I returned home, I found that someone had broken into the
house.

12. Past Simple Passive
Past Simple of the helping verb to be + Past Participle of the main verb
Shakespeare wrote Hamlet.
Hamlet was written by Shakespeare.
PAST SIMPLE + PAST PARTICIPLE
OF TO BE OF THE MAIN VERB