1. Antiseptics And Disinfectants Neam and Curcuma PH103.511

2. 2 Department of Technical Education Andhra Pradesh Name: BVSN Murty Designation : Lecturer in Pharmacy Branch: PHARMACY Institute: Govt. Polytechnic for Women, Srikakulam Year/Semester: I Year Subject: Pharmacognosy Subject code: PH-103 Topic: Antiseptics And Disinfectants Duration: 50 Mts Sub Topic: Neam and Curcuma Teaching Aids: PPT, Photographs

3. Objectives PH103.513 On completion of this period you would be able to learn about : Definition of Antiseptics and Disinfectants Monographs of NEEM and CURCUMA

4. Antiseptics and Disinfectants Definition : Antiseptics are the chemical sterilizing substances which are used to kill pathogenic microbes or for prevention of their growth They are directly applied to tissues, to broken skin after burns and wounds Disinfectants are the substances which are used for destruct the bacteria and their spores and are not directly applied to tissues due to their toxicity PH103.514

5. 5 Synonym : Melia azadirachta Biological sources: It consists of leaves and other aerial parts of Azadirachta indica. Family : Meliaceae. Geographical source: It is indigenous and widely grown in India It grows in various tropical and subtropical regions Neem Fig.51.1 Neem plant

6. PH103.516 Description Leaves : Imparipinnate 20-37 cm in length. Dark Green to Greenish yellow in colour & bitter in taste Flowers : White scented 5 mm long Fruits : Drupe 1.2 to 1.8 cm long, Oblong,1-seeded smooth greenish yellow in colour Bark : Rough, greyish to brownish in colour. Neem Fig.51.2 Neem leaves

7. PH103.517 Chemical constituents : The active ingredients are Azadirachtin, Salannin and Meliantriol Neem leaves contain Nimbosterol and Quercetin Seeds contain Azadirachtin, Salanin, Meliantrol and Meliacin. The trunk bark contains Nimbin, Nimbinin, Nimbidin, Nimbosterol and a bitter principle called Margosine. Neem oil contains chiefly glycerides of Oleic (50%) and Stearic (20%) acids. Neem

8. Uses : Antiseptic and Insecticide Antifungal Antifertility and Antiviral properties In treatment of AIDS PH103.518 Neem

9. PH103.519 Synonym : Indian saffron, Haldi Biological source : Turmeric consists of dried, as well as fresh rhizomes of plant known as Curcuma longa linn Family : Zingiberaceae. Geographical source: West Pakistan, India, Malaysia and China In India Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, UP & Punjab Curcuma (Turmeric) Fig.51.3 Turmeric plant & Rhizome

10. PH103.5110 Curcuma (Turmeric) Organoleptic Characters Colour: External – Yellowish to yellowish-brown Internal – Yellowish-orange to orange Odour :Characteristic Taste :Slightly bitter Size :2 to 5 cm in length &1 to 2 cm in thickness Shape : Ovate or oblong Fig.51.4 Turmeric

11. PH103.5111 Curcuma (Turmeric) Chemical Constituents: 5% volatile oil Resin Abundant Zingiberaceous starch grains Yellow colouring substances known as Curcuminoids Chief component of Curcuminoids is known as Curcumin.

12. PH103.5112 Curcuma (Turmeric) Chemical Constituents: Turmeric oil contains Turmerone Zingiberene Borneol Caprylic acid

13. PH103.5113 Curcuma (Turmeric) Chemical Test : 1.Powdered drug + Sulphuric acid Crimson colour 2.Aqueous solution of Turmeric + Boric acid Reddish colour On addition on alkali Greenish Blue

14. Uses : Antiseptic Expectorant Condiment or spice Colouring agent Used for detection of Boric acid PH103.5114 Curcuma (Turmeric)

15. Summary In this class we learnt about : Neem consists of leaves and other aerial parts of Azadirachta indica. Neem used as Antiseptic and Insecticide Turmeric consists of dried, as well as, fresh rhizomes of Plant known as Curcuma longa linn Trumeric used as Antiseptic, Expectorant, Condiment or spice PH103.5115

16. PH103.5116 1.Neem belongs to a.Leguminosae b.Meliaceae c.Solanaceae d.Graminae Quiz

17. PH103.5117 2. Turmeric belongs to a.Leguminosae b.Meliaceae c.Zingiberaceae d.Graminae Quiz

18. PH103.5118 3. Turmeric is used as a. Antiseptic b.Expectorant c.Colouring agent d.All of the above Quiz

19. Frequently Asked Questions 1.Write the Biological Source and Uses of Neem 2.Give the list of Chemical Constituents and Uses of Turmeric 3.Give the list of Chemical constituents of Neem PH103.5019