1. The Role of Family Planning in Reaping the Benefits of the Demographic Opportunity in Jordan Dr. Sawsan Majali Secretary General Higher Population Council

2. Demographics Characteristics (2015) المصدر: دائرة الإحصاءات العامة، مسح السكان والصحة الأسرية 2012، والأردن بالأرقام 2015

3. Dramatic Increase“ in Jordan’s Population " Dramatic Increase“ in Jordan’s Population Including Syrian Refugees (Low Scenario) Scenario of Demographic Opportunity Millions Population increased 10 folds in 6 decades

4. Population Growth in Jordan Source : preliminary results of the national census conducted in November,2015, Department of Statistics 30-1-2016

5. Age Age Structure of Jordan’s Population (2015) of Jordan’s Population (2015) Source: Jordan in Numbers, Department of Statistics, 2015.

6. Large Family Size Number of individuals Source : preliminary results of the national census conducted in November,2015, Department of Statistics 30-1-2016

7. Jordan’s Population Pyramid Source : preliminary results of the national census conducted in November,2015, Department of Statistics 30-1-2016 7

8. 8 Jordan Population Pyramids

9. Number of non Jordanian Distribution by Nationality Source : preliminary results of the national census conducted in November,2015, Department of Statistics 30-1-2016 9 NationalityNumber Egyptians636270 Iraqis130911 Palestinians634182 Syrians1265514 Yemeni31163 Libyan22700 Other Nationalities197385 Total of Non Jordanians2918125

10. Population Distribution by Nationality ( Census 2015) Source : preliminary results of the national census conducted in November,2015, Department of Statistics 30-1-2016 10

11. Total Fertility Rate Trends Department of Statistics (2012). DHS, Amman, Jordan 9

12. Intervals between births Department of Statistics (2012). DHS, Amman, Jordan

13. Reproductive Health Indicators %Indicator 13 Females married under age of 18 28.3 Average age at first birth 61.2 Present use of family planning methods (15-49 years) 42.3 Present use of modern contraceptives (15-49 years) 11.7 Unmet need for family planning -Total 6.8 Unmet need for family planning – to prevent pregnancy 4.9 Unmet need for family planning – spacing of births Jordan in Numbers 2015 Department of Statistics, Amman, Jordan Department of Statistics (2012). DHS, Amman, Jordan

14. Present Use of Contraceptives

15. The Window of Demographic Opportunity 15 A set of various social changes accompanied by demographic transitions in the population structure The work age population (15-64) grow significantly faster than the growth of dependents(under 15 years old) The demographic opportunity window will be achieved when the percent of Jordan’s work population reaches it’s highest peak and the percent of dependents at it’s lowest Positive returns of the demographic opportunity requires continuous decline in fertility rate

16. Social protection policies and prepare for the post- Demographic Opportunity Logical Framework for a Series of Desired Results to be Achieved in the Demographic Opportunity Achieving Welfare and Prosperity of Citizens in View of the Demographic Opportunity 1- Reaching the Demograph ic Opportunit y Peak by 2030 1.1 Achieving demographic transformation through the age dependency percentage reaching its lowest level 2- Attaining High Rates of the Percentage of Economically Active Population 2.1 Attaining higher rates of the percentage of economically active population 2.2 Business environment that encourages work, investment and entrepreneurship 2.3 Increasing demand for vocational and technical work 2.4 Increasing demand for entrepreneurship and self-employment 2.5 Constant increase in women’s economic participation 3- Effective Preparation for the Demographic Opportunity Phase Ensuing Peak Phase 3.3 Infrastructure appropriate to the requirements of sustainable development 3.2 Ongoing expansion and improvement in social development and social security services 3.1 Ongoing expansion and improvement in health services and insurance offered to the citizens 16  Investment policies in the health, reproductive health, focusing on family planning.  Policies towards the educational environment of creativity, innovation, motivating and leadership for Stimulating education and scientific research  Policies supporting appetite for vocational, technical education  Business environment that encourages work, investment and entrepreneurship  Constant increase in women’s economic participation  Policies towards infrastructure adapted to the requirements of the Demographical Opportunity  Ongoing expansion and improvement in health services and insurance offered to the citizens  Policies Expansion and continuous improvement in health, social services and health insurance  Ongoing expansion and improvement in social development and social security services  Immigration policies Outputs Investment policies in the health, reproductive health, focusing on family planning Results Achieving and investment of the Demographic al Opportunity policies Effects Investment policies in the demographic opportunity

17. Demographic Opportunity Scenarios Child /women in reproductive age 2.1 Source : The Demographic Opportunity in Jordan, A Policy Document. HPC Oct. 2009 17

18. The Excepted Projections of the Demographic Opportunity According to the higher scenario, the population size will multiply 2.7 times by 2050 Population Size Source : The Demographic Opportunity in Jordan, A Policy Document. HPC 2014 18

19. The Excepted Projections of the Demographic Opportunity Peak of the Demographic Opportunity and will last for Two Decades In 2030 Age Dependency at it’s Lowest Level at 52 Work-age Population at it’s Highest Level for that Year at 66% Source : The Demographic Opportunity in Jordan, A Policy Document. HPC 2014 19

20. Achievement of and Investment in the Demographic Opportunity Policies Achieve the Demographic Transition Policies Reap the Benefits of the Demographic Opportunity Policies Post-Demographic Opportunity Preparation & Social Development 20

21. Challenges Facing Women’s Health in Jordan Plateauing of fertility rate (2002- ) 3.5 births need to reduce to 2.2 births by 2030 to benefit from demographic changes and demographic opportunity Use of modern contraceptives (42 %) remaining the same since 2002 there has been an increase in traditional methods Geographical disparities in access to quality health services for women throughout the life-cycle. Gaps noted in the availability and quality of the health services provided to women especially in rural areas. Low awareness of youth regarding reproductive health issues. Limited reproductive health services and counselling are available for women living with disabilities Women’s ability to participate in the family’s major decisions especially those related to her health and wellbeing such as family planning and contraceptive use are limited.

22. Health care providers’ focus on the medical aspects of reproductive health with little attention paid to gender related issues. Early marriage: 13% of marriages in Jordan were for women below 18 years, 35% of marriages of Syrian women marriages occur below 18 years of age (2015). Challenges Facing Women’s Health in Jordan

23. Areas that need improvement in Jordan Integrate reproductive and sexual health services as well as dedicated psychological and mental health support for women in hospitals and health centers especially in the rural areas. In addition, improve reproductive health services infrastructures to ensure privacy. Develop a comprehensive package of health services to be provided according to standards of health care by well trained health care providers at the primary health care level. Provide mobile clinics to outreach areas where health services are no available and improve the quality of health services especially family planning and reproductive health services.

24. Develop educational programs and workshops to empower women about various issues including their rights for health and wellbeing Develop and expand programs targeting youth concerning healthy lifestyles and include all elements of reproductive health by creating dedicated youth centers which can also decrease the unmet needs for family planning Mainstream gender and reproductive health in university curricula and integrate gender perspectives in counselling services Empower women to participate in decisions regarding to their health. Provision of gender disaggregated data related to health indicators to support health policy, planning and service provision. Areas that need improvement in Jordan:

25. What is needed?  Improving access to reproductive health, including family planning counseling and services  Continued efforts to advocate and promote awareness among Doctors, policy makers, planners and opinion leaders for their support in the achievement of and Investment in Demographic Opportunity Policies  Addressing population issues are not confined to the public sector, but extends to include the private sector  Refocus maternal and child health information and outreach to actively engage married adolescent girls, first-time parents.  Decrease the imminent pressure for pregnancy on the young brides. السيسة

26. HPC’s Current Programs & Projects Population & Development : National Plan to Monitor and Follow Up the Achievement of and Investment in the Demographic Opportunity Policies, (2011- 2013) Reproductive Health/Family Planning : The National Reproductive Health / Family Planning action Plan (2008-2012 ) National Reproductive Health / Family Planning strategy 2013-2017 (PROMISE) Communication and Advocacy Monitoring & Evaluation 26

28. Follow Us @ 28 http://www.hpc.org.jo http://www.facebook.com/hpcjo http://www.youtube.com/hpcpromise http://www.twitter.com/HPC_jordan http://www.linkedin.com/pub/higher-population-council/4b/749/643 Higher Population Council Telephone:( 5560741 6 00962 )- FAX:( 5519210 6 00962 )

29. References Department of Statistics (2015). Jordan in Numbers 2015, Amman, Jordan Government of Jordan (2015). Jordan Position Paper on the Beijing +20 review and appraisal process. Amman, Jordan. Jordanian National Commission for Women. Jordan’s Fifth National Periodic Report to the CEDAW Committee – Summary. Amman, Jordan Al Nsour, M. Al Kayyali, G. & Naffa, S. (2013). Overweight and obesity among Jordanian women and their social determinants. EMHJ, 19(12), 1014- 1019 WHO (2007). Cross cutting gender issues in women’s health in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. Cairo, Egypt Department of Statistics (2012). DHS, Amman, Jordan The Demographic Opportunity in Jordan, A Policy Document. HPC Oct. 2009