1. Training Workshop on Business Process Analysis in International Trade Joint Workshop on Trade Facilitation and the Single Window 23-25 September 2015, Moscow Module 2: Analysis and description of existing business processes related to foreign trade activities 2.1. Introduction to UML: Use-Case Diagram Somnuk Keretho, PhD Director, Institute of IT Innovation Kasetsart University, Bangkok

2. 2 Training Workshop on Business Process Analysis in International Trade, 23-25 September 2015, Moscow@Somnuk Keretho, PhD Objectives of this session  To have a basic understanding of business process modelling, particularly the usefulness of Unified Modeling Language (UML)  To be able to read and understand the meaning of Use-Case Diagrams  To have some skills in developing Use-Case Diagrams for defining the scope of BPA projects.

3. 3 Training Workshop on Business Process Analysis in International Trade, 23-25 September 2015, Moscow@Somnuk Keretho, PhD Conducting a BPA Project in 3 Phases 1.Defining Scope of and Planning a BPA Project 2.Capturing and Modelling the As-Is Process 3.Analyzing Findings of the BPA and Proposing Recommendations for Improvement (Proposing the To-Be Process) Ref: Business Process Analysis Guide to Simplify Trade Procedures, Updated 2012, UNESCAP/UNECE. http://unnext.unescap.org

4. 4 Training Workshop on Business Process Analysis in International Trade, 23-25 September 2015, Moscow@Somnuk Keretho, PhD Business Process Modeling What is it?  A technique for documenting a business process and its attributes Activities that come in a specific order and decision points Actors who perform those activities Defined inputs and outputs of each activity Criteria for entering and exiting the business process Relationships among actors Information flow Associated rules and regulations Quantitative indicators such as number of steps as well as time and cost required to complete a particular business process Why it is needed?  To establish a common understanding about a business process that is shared by all relevant parties  To communicate better all aspects of a business process

5. 5 Training Workshop on Business Process Analysis in International Trade, 23-25 September 2015, Moscow@Somnuk Keretho, PhD Unified Modeling Language (UML)  A set of standard graphical notations for documenting a business process and business requirements http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unified_Modeling_Language Is widely recognized and used among practitioners in business community as well as those in IT and software industry Allows business domain experts to communicate procedural and documentary requirements with IT implementation or software development team

6. 6 Training Workshop on Business Process Analysis in International Trade, 23-25 September 2015, Moscow@Somnuk Keretho, PhD Two types of UML Diagrams proposed to be used for BPA Use Case Diagram  A frame of reference illustrating a high level business process and its associated actors Activity Diagram  A detailed elaboration of a use case diagram  A graphical representation of a business process and its attributes Activities that come in a specific order and decision points Actors who perform those activities Defined inputs and outputs of each activity Criteria for entering and exiting the business process Relationships among actors Information flow Buy - Conclude sales contract and trade terms Exporter or Representative Importer Quote price and term of trade Confirm the intent to purchase Proforma Invoice Purchase Order Not acceptable Acceptable Cancel Prepare the shipment of goods Exporter or Representative Importer

7. 7 Training Workshop on Business Process Analysis in International Trade, 23-25 September 2015, Moscow@Somnuk Keretho, PhD Why we should use Use-Case Diagram?  We propose that “Use-Case Diagram” should be used to defining the scope of a BPA project, because it helps us to communicate well the BPA scope with precise and clear understanding by visualizing main procedures and stakeholders involved.

8. 8 Training Workshop on Business Process Analysis in International Trade, 23-25 September 2015, Moscow@Somnuk Keretho, PhD Based on the outcome of desk research,  Identify key business processes and name it using a descriptive verb phrase  Identify stakeholders  Identify relationships between stakeholders and key business processes Drawing a Use Case Diagram Clear goods through customs Handle Container and stow it on vessel Exporter or Representative Customs Port Authority Carrier (Shipping Line) Inland Haulage Clear goods through customs Handle Container and stow it on vessel Exporter or Representative Customs Port Authority Carrier (Shipping Line) Inland Haulage Department of Fisheries

9. 9 Training Workshop on Business Process Analysis in International Trade, 23-25 September 2015, Moscow@Somnuk Keretho, PhD  Where there are many business processes of the same category, may be used to group them together. An Example – Scope of a BPA Project (exportation of shrimps) (precisely illustrated with a Use Case Diagram) 2.9) Prepare documents required by importers 2.6) Stuff container and transfer to port of departure 1) Buy 3) Pay 2.4) Apply for cargo insurance 2.5) Prepare and submit customs declaration 2.1) Have product sampled and examined 2.7) Clear goods through customs 2.8) Handle Container and stow it on vessel Exporter or Representative Importer Exporter’s Bank Importer’s Bank Customs Department of Foreign Trade The Central Islamic Committee Office Thailand Port Authority Department of Consular Affairs Insurance Company Carrier (Shipping Line) Inland Haulage Department of Fisheries Authorized Private Inspector 2) Ship Customs’ Bank … Boundary For Simplification: * L/C * CIF * FCL * CY/CY

10. 10 Training Workshop on Business Process Analysis in International Trade, 23-25 September 2015, Moscow@Somnuk Keretho, PhD Practical Exercise 4 – Precisely defining the scope of the BPA project with Use-Case Diagram - Working within your small group:  Collect more detailed information about the selected scope of the BPA project, and  Identify all actors [stakeholders/agencies involved]  Identify all use cases [key business processes]  Identify their relationships [which actors are associated with which actors]  Draw the Use Case Diagram which defines the scope of your BPA project