1. Chapter 1 Review The Distant Past Early Modern Humans VocabularyHunters and Gatherers of the World Latitude and Longitude 10 20 30 40 50

2. What is prehistory? Answer

3. What is Prehistory? The period of time before people began to write. Home

4. How do archeologists excavate sites? Answer

5. Divide the site into a grid of squares. Dig each plot separately to keep track where everything was found. Home

6. Who is Mary Leakey? Answer

7. First discovered the bones of australopithecines. Home

8. Where is Olduvai Gorge? Answer

9. Tanzania Home

10. What is important about Olduvai Gorge? Answer

11. It is a famous site where the Leakey family first discovered bones and fossils of early humans. Home

12. Name the types of hominids we have read about. Answer

13. Australopithecines Homo habilis Homo erectus Homo sapiens Home

14. What made Homo habilis different from earlier hominids? Answer

15. The use of tools. Home

16. What do the cave paintings of early Homo sapiens reveal? Answer

17. The kinds of animals they hunted. Home

18. What are some differences between Homo habilis and Homo erectus? Answer

19. Homo erectus was larger and stronger, made better tools, mastered fire, and developed some speech. Home

20. Why do archeologists believe that early Homo sapiens were intelligent? Answer

21. The size and shape of skulls are signs of large brains. Artifacts made of stone, wood, and bones show they knew how to make tools. Excavations of shelters show that people knew how to make and use fire. Home

22. Define artifact. Answer

23. A human-made object, especially from long ago; artifacts include art, clothing, pottery, tools, and weapons. Home

24. Define hominid. Answer

25. Any member of different species with humanlike features. Home

26. Define adapt. Home

27. To change to fit surroundings. Home

28. Define technology. Answer

29. The proper application of knowledge to develop new tools or ways to make and do things. Home

30. Define migration. Answer

31. To move from one place to another. Home

32. What region was settled most recently by humans? Answer

33. South America Home

34. Why was the invention of the bow and arrow important? Answer

35. It allowed hunters to stay a safe distance away from prey. Home

36. How did prehistoric people of the savanna adapt to their environment differently from the people of the seacoast? Answer

37. Home On the savanna, people hunted herd animals that grazed in the grassy plains. The people ate the meat and used the animals’ bones for foods. The people of the seacoast developed methods for fishing and catching sea mammals. They built boats for fishing and transportation.

38. Answer How did prehistoric people of thickly forested lands adapt to their environment differently from people of deserts?

39. Home Forest people built shelters out of wood and ate the nuts and other foods that trees provided. Desert people learned to find water, sheltered in caves, and hunted desert animals.

40. Answer What enabled some hunters and gatherers to form the world’s first permanent human settlements?

41. Home In some regions, food was available year round. As time passed, they developed new technology for fishing and for growing, collecting and storing plant foods. Their large camps grew into even larger communities.

42. Answer What is latitude?

43. Home Horizontal lines north and south of the Equator.

44. Answer What is longitude?

45. Home Vertical lines east or west of the Prime Meridian.

46. Answer How is latitude measured?

47. Home Degrees North and South

48. Answer How is longitude measured?

49. Home Degrees East or West

50. Answer How do you write coordinates?

51. Home (___°N/S, ___°E/W)