2. Multiple Intelligences In Theory and Practice

3. What is it?

4. Howard Gardner Harvard –Eric Erikson MACOS –Jerome Bruner Project Zero –Frames of Mind

5. What is Intelligence? "An intelligence is the ability to solve problems, or to create products, that are valued within one or more cultural settings." --Howard Gardner, Frames of Mind

6. The Super Seven Linguistic Logical/Mathematical Musical Bodily-kinesthetic Visual-Spatial Interpersonal Intrapersonal

7. 7 Kinds of Smart word smart numbers smart pictures and images smart sound smart physical smart patterns in nature smart other people smart self smart

8. Possible Additions Yes –Naturalistic Maybe –Existential No –Spiritual –Moral

9. Linguistic Reading Writing Listening Speaking

10. Logical/Mathematical Working with Numbers Mathematical thinking –Patterns Logic –Deductive –Inductive

11. Musical Listening to music Creating music Mentally repeating info

12. Visual-Spatial Visual Images Spatial Dimensions Mental imagery Pictorial Representation

13. Kinesthetic Drama –Role-Play Dance & Movement Manipulatives Physical Education

14. Interpersonal Cooperative learning Multicultural Education Service Learning Conflict management

15. Intrapersonal Self-directed learning Emotional intelligence Self-esteem exercises Journal writing

16. Naturalist Observing natural phenomenon Smelling, seeing, touching, tasting

17. Existential Exploring the “Big Questions” in life –Meaning –Relevance –Purpose

18. The New Nine Linguistic Logical/Mathematical Musical Kinesthetic Spatial Interpersonal Intrapersonal Naturalist Existential

19. A Mnemonic Device

21. Applications to Education Balanced curriculum Interdisciplinary units Authentic Assessment Apprenticeships

22. Issues/Problems Is Gardner’s criteria adequate? Does the model hold up? Is there empirical evidence? Is the theory being misinterpreted or misapplied?

23. Works Consulted Armstrong, Thomas. Seven Kinds of Smart : Identifying and Developing Your Multiple Intelligences. New York: Plume, 1999. Gardner, Howard (1983; 1993) Frames of Mind: The theory of multiple intelligences, New York: Basic Books. Gardner, Howard (1999) Intelligence Reframed. Multiple intelligences for the 21st century, New York: Basic Books. McKenzie, Walter. The One and Only Surfaquarium Smith, M. K. (2002) 'Howard Gardner and multiple intelligences', the encyclopedia of informal education,