What do you know about the world of genetics? T. Trimpe 2008

What do you know about the world of genetics? T. Trimpe 2008 http://sciencespot.net/

1. Who is known as the Father of Genetics? A. Albert EinsteinB. Charles DarwinC. Gregor Mendel 2. What are the female reproductive structures of a flower called? A. StamenB. PistilsC. Pollen 3. Which insect is the most common pollinator? A. House fliesB. ButterfliesC. Honey Bees 4. What is used to determine the offspring of a genetic cross? A. Gene SquareB. Punnett SquareC. Mendel Square 5. Which gene is represented by a capital letter in a genotype? A. RecessiveB. DominantC. Parental

1. Who is known as the Father of Genetics? A. Albert EinsteinB. Charles DarwinC. Gregor Mendel 2. What are the female reproductive structures of a flower called? A. StamenB. PistilsC. Pollen 3. Which insect is the most common pollinator? A. House fliesB. ButterfliesC. Honey Bees 4. What is used to determine the offspring of a genetic cross? A. Gene SquareB. Punnett SquareC. Mendel Square 5. Which gene is represented by a capital letter in a genotype? A. RecessiveB. DominantC. Parental Gregor Mendel Father of Genetics

What do you know about DNA? T. Trimpe 2008 http://sciencespot.net/

Use your knowledge of DNA to answer each question 1.What does the abbreviation DNA represent? ___________________ ______ 2.What are the four letters of the DNA alphabet? ___ ___ ___ ___ 3.What term refers to the shape of the DNA molecule? __________ ________ 4.What is the function of genes? 5.What is the genotype for a female? ____

1.What does the abbreviation DNA represent? ___________________ ______ 2.What are the four letters of the DNA alphabet? ___ ___ ___ ___ 3.What term refers to the shape of the DNA molecule? __________ ________ 4.What is the function of genes? 5.What is the genotype for a female? ____ And the answers are … Deoxyribonucleic Acid A, T, G, C Double Helix Control the production of proteins XX

T. Trimpe 2008 http://sciencespot.net/

Unscramble the letters to figure our these genetic terms. 1. H N O P E Y P T E 2. G N T E C I E S 3. C E R S V I E S E 4. D L E N E M 5. L A E L E L Hint: The first letter of each word is underlined.

The answers are... 1. H N O P E Y P T E 2. G N T E C I E S 3. C E R S V I E S E 4. D L E N E M 5. L A E L E L PHENOTYPE GENETICS RECESSIVE MENDEL ALLELE

Use your knowledge of genetics to answer each question 1. What term refers to the physical appearance of a trait? Example: Yellow body color 2. What term refers to the gene that is expressed when two different genes for a trait are present in a gene pair? 3. If your grandparents are the parental generation, what term would refer to your parents? 4. What type of pollination occurs when pollen from the stamen on one flower is transferred to the pistil on the same flower or to the pistil of a different flower on the same plant? 5. Identify each gene pair as purebred (P) or hybrid (H). Bb ______DD - ______dd - _____

And the answers are... 1. What term refers to the physical appearance of a trait? Example: Yellow body color 2. What term refers to the gene that is expressed when two different genes for a trait are present in a gene pair? 3. If your grandparents are the parental generation, what term would refer to your generation? 4. What type of pollination occurs when pollen from the stamen on one flower is transferred to the pistil on the same flower or to the pistil of a different flower on the same plant? 5. Identify each gene pair as purebred (P) or hybrid (H). Bb - ______DD - ______dd - _____ Phenotype Dominant F1 or First filial generation Self-pollination HPP

What do you know about DNA? T. Trimpe 2008 http://sciencespot.net/

Use your knowledge of DNA to answer each question 1.What is the “backbone” of a DNA molecule made from? ____________ and _____________ molecules 2. What are the four letters of the RNA alphabet? ___ ___ ___ ___ 3.What are the building blocks of proteins? __________ _________ 4.What DNA base would pair with each one of the following? T  _____ G  _____ C  _____ A  _____ 5. What is the genotype for a male? ____

1.What is the “backbone” of a DNA molecule made from? ____________ and _____________ molecules 2. What are the four letters of the RNA alphabet? ___ ___ ___ ___ 3.What are the building blocks of proteins? __________ _________ 4. What DNA base would pair with each one of the following? T  _____ G  _____ C  _____ A  _____ 5. What is the genotype for a male? ____ And the answers are … A, U, G, C Amino Acids XY SugarPhosphate ACGT

Use the clues to figure out these genetic terms. 1. 5 letters – I am passed along by your parents. 2. 6 letters – I am controlled by the genes. 3. 3 letters – I am the type of plant Mendel used for his experiments. 4. 6 letters – I am produced by the stamen in flowers. 5. 8 letters – I have a genotype made up of two of the same letters.

1. 5 letters – I am passed along by your parents. 2. 6 letters – I am controlled by the genes. 3. 3 letters – I am the type of plant Mendel used for his experiments. 4. 6 letters – I am produced by the stamen in flowers. 5. 8 letters – I have a genotype made up of two of the same letters. The answers are... GENES TRAITS PEA POLLEN PUREBRED

Use your knowledge of genetics to answer each question 1. What term refers to the actual genetic make-up of a trait? Example: Yy or RR 2. What term refers to the gene that is NOT expressed when two different genes for a trait are present in a gene pair? 3. If you are the parental generation, what term would refer to your grandchildren? 4. What type of pollination occurs when pollen from the stamen on one flower is transferred to the pistil on a flower on a different plant? 5. Identify each gene pair as purebred (P) or hybrid (H). BB ______Dd - ______tt - _____

Use your knowledge of genetics to answer each question 1. What term refers to the actual genetic make-up of a trait? Example: Yy or RR 2. What term refers to the gene that is NOT expressed when two different genes for a trait are present in a gene pair? 3. If you are the parental generation, what term would refer to your grandchildren? 4. What type of pollination occurs when pollen from the stamen on one flower is transferred to the pistil on a flower on a different plant? 5. Identify each gene pair as purebred (P) or hybrid (H). BB ______Dd - ______tt - _____ Genotype Recessive F2 or Second filial generation Cross-pollination PHP

1. U C L O E I D N E T 2. B E U D O L L I H X E 3. N O E G E M 4. R M O H O C S O E M 5. G M U T E N A Unscramble the letters to figure out the words.

1. U C L O E I D N E T 2. B E U D O L L I H X E 3. N O E G E M 4. R M O H O C S O E M 5. G M U T E N A And the answers are … NUCLEOTIDE DOUBLE HELIX GENOME CHROMOSOME MUTAGEN

Unscramble the letters to figure out these genetic terms. 1. L N L N O I O P A T I 2. R E D I Y H E T 3. D M N I O T A N 4. Y O N G E P E T 5. D R E P R U E B HINT: The first letter of each word is underlined!

1. L N L N O I O P A T I 2. R E D I Y H E T 3. D M N I O T A N 4. Y O N G E P E T 5. D R E P R U E B The answers are … POLLINATION HEREDITY DOMINANT GENOTYPE PUREBRED

Use your knowledge of genetics to answer each question 1. If Y represents the dominant yellow gene and y represents the recessive blue gene, what phenotype would be observed for each genotype? A. YY B. yy C. Yy 2. What do we call a scientist who studies heredity? 3. If your parents are the F2 generation, what would be the P generation? 4. What type chart is used to show the possible gene combinations in a cross between two organisms? 5. Identify each gene pair as homozygous (Ho) or heterozygous (He). Tt ______PP- ______ss - _____

And the answers are … 1. If Y represents the dominant yellow gene and y represents the recessive blue gene, what phenotype would be observed for each genotype? A. YY B. yy C. Yy 2. What do we call a scientist who studies heredity? 3. If your parents are the F2 generation, what would be the P generation? 4. What type chart is used to show the possible gene combinations in a cross between two organisms? 5. Identify each gene pair as homozygous (Ho) or heterozygous (He). Tt - ______PP- ______ss - _____ Yellow Geneticist Their great-grandparents Punnett Square HeHo YellowBlue

Unscramble the letters to figure out the words. 1. I A M N O C I D A 2.P T L D O P I E Y E P I H A N C 3. I M S O I E S 4. N A T U T M I O 5. C B N K O A B E

1. I A M N O C I D A 2.P T L D O P I E Y E P I H A N C 3. I M S O I E S 4. N A T U T M I O 5. C B N K O A B E And the answers are … AMINO ACID POLYPEPTIDE CHAIN MEIOSIS MUTATION BACKBONE

Use the clues to figure out these genetic terms. 1. 3 letters – I am the code of life. 2. 8 letters – I am the actual gene makeup of a trait. 3. 6 letters – I have a genotype made up of a dominant trait and a recessive trait. 4. 10 letters – I am a rod-shaped structure found in the nucleus of a cell. 5. 8 letters – I occur whenever there is a change in a gene or chromosome.

1. 3 letters – I am the code of life. 2. 8 letters – I am the actual gene makeup of a trait. 3. 6 letters – I have a genotype made up of a dominant trait and a recessive trait. 4. 10 letters – I am a rod-shaped structure found in the nucleus of a cell. 5. 8 letters – I occur whenever there is a change in a gene or chromosome. The answers are... DNA GENOTYPE HYBRID CHROMOSOME MUTATION

Use your knowledge of genetics to answer these questions. 1. Indicate whether each genotype is a heterozygous (He) or homozygous (Ho). TT _____ Pp _____ dd _____ Ff _____ Tt ____ Which ones would be considered purebred? ___________ 2. In SpongeBob’s family, a yellow body color (Y) is dominant to blue (y) color. Determine the phenotype for each genotype below based on this information. YY ______________ Yy ______________ yy ______________ 3. If round eyeballs (R) are dominant to oval eyeballs (r), give the genotypes that are possible for members of SpongeBob’s family. Round eyeballs = ______________ Oval eyeballs = _________________

1. Indicate whether each genotype is a heterozygous (He) or homozygous (Ho). TT _____ Pp _____ dd _____ Ff _____ Tt ____ Which ones would be considered purebred? ___________ 2. In SpongeBob’s family, a yellow body color (Y) is dominant to blue (y) color. Determine the phenotype for each genotype below based on this information. YY ______________ Yy ______________ yy ______________ 3. If round eyeballs (R) are dominant to oval eyeballs (r), give the genotypes that are possible for members of SpongeBob’s family. Round eyeballs = ______________ Oval eyeballs = _________________ Ho He TT and dd YellowBlueYellow RR or Rrrr The answers are …

Unscramble the letters to figure out the names of these scientists who have contributed to the field of genetics. 1. T W N O S A 2. A K L N F I N R 3. K I S W L I N 4. C I C K R 5. G A O N R M 6. T O N T S U

And the answers are … WATSON FRANKLIN WILKINS CRICK MORGAN SUTTON 1. T W N O S A 2. A K L N F I N R 3. K I S W L I N 4. C I C K R 5. G A O N R M 6. T O N T S U

Unscramble the letters to figure our these genetic terms. 1. P N T U N E T Q R A U S E 2. R E N A P T 3. E S N E G 4. R D E I Y E H T 5. R I T A T S Hint: The first letter of each word is underlined.

1. P N T U N E T Q R A U S E 2. R E N A P T 3. E N S E G 4. R D E I Y E H T 5. R I T A T S The answers are... PUNNETT SQUARE PARENT GENES HEREDITY TRAITS

1. Predict the offspring from a cross between a purebred tall pea plant and a hybrid tall plant. Use T for tall and t for short. (a) Give the genotypes. Purebred Tall = ____ Hybrid Tall = ____ (b) Create a Punnett square to determine the genotypes for the offspring. (c) What is the probability that a plant would be tall? _______ % (d) What is the probability that a plant would be short? _______ % 2. Predict the offspring from a cross between two hybrid tall pea plants. (a) Give the genotype for a hybrid tall plant. ______ (b) Create a Punnett square to determine the genotypes for the offspring. (c) What is the probability that a plant would be tall? _____ % (d) What is the probability that a plant would be short? _____ % (e) If you were to plant 100 seeds from this cross, how many would you expect to be tall?

1. Predict the offspring from a cross between a purebred tall pea plant and a hybrid tall plant. Use T for tall and t for short. (a) Give the genotypes. Purebred Tall = ____ Hybrid Tall = ____ (b) Create a Punnett square to determine the genotypes for the offspring. (c) What is the probability that a plant would be tall? (d) What is the probability that a plant would be short? T T Tt TTTt TTTt 0% 100% TTTt

2. Predict the offspring from a cross between two hybrid tall pea plants. (a) Give the genotype for a hybrid tall plant. ______ (b) Create a Punnett square to determine the genotypes for the offspring. (c) What is the probability that a plant would be tall? (d) What is the probability that a plant would be short? (e) If you were to plant 100 seeds from this cross, how many would you expect to be tall? T t Tt TTTt tt 25% 75% Tt 25% of 100 = 25 plants

1. Predict the offspring from a cross between a purebred pea plant with purple flowers and a pea plant with white flowers. Use P for purple and p for white. (a) Give the genotypes. Purebred Purple = ____ White = ____ (b) Create a Punnett square to determine the genotypes for the offspring. (c) What is the probability that a plant would have purple flowers? _______ % (d) What is the probability that a plant would have white flowers? _______ % 2. If you crossed two hybrid plants with purple flowers and planted 200 of the seeds, how many would you expect to have with white flowers. Create a Punnett square to support your answer.

1. Predict the offspring from a cross between a purebred pea plant with purple flowers and a pea plant with white flowers. Use P for purple and p for white. (a) Give the genotypes. Purebred Purple = ____ White = ____ (b) Create a Punnett square to determine the genotypes for the offspring. (c) What is the probability that a plant would have purple flowers? (d) What is the probability that a plant would have white flowers? P P pp Pp 0% 100% PPpp

2. If you crossed two hybrid plants with purple flowers and planted 200 of the seeds, how many would you expect to have with white flowers. Create a Punnett square to support your answer. P p Pp PPPp pp You would expect to see white flowers on 25% of the plants, which would be 50 plants.

Some people have dimples, while others do not. The presence of dimples is a dominant trait (D), while not having dimples is recessive (d). (1) Susie has dimples, but her husband, Tom, does not. Their first child has his father's phenotype. What are the genotypes of the mother, father, and child? Mother’s Genotype: _______ Father’s Genotype: _______ Son’s Genotype: _______ (2) What is the probability that a second child won’t have dimples? Create a Punnett square to support your answer.

Some people have dimples, while others do not. The presence of dimples is a dominant trait (D), while not having dimples is recessive (d). (1) Susie has dimples, but her husband, Tom, does not. Their first child has his father's phenotype. What are the genotypes of the mother, father, and child? Mother’s Genotype: _______ Father’s Genotype: _______ Son’s Genotype: _______ (2) What is the probability that a second child won’t have dimples? Create a Punnett square to support your answer. D d dd Dd dd Dd dd There would be a 50% probability that the second child would not have dimples.

In Dalmatians, the trait for black spots (B) is dominant over the recessive trait for no spots. Use this information to answer these questions. (1) Two Dalmatians with black spots have puppies. One of the dogs is homozygous for black spots, while the other is heterozygous. Out of a litter of 4 puppies, how many would you expect to have without spots? Create a Punnett square to support your answer. (2) Two Dalmatians had a large litter of 10 puppies. Seven of them have black spots, while 3 do not. What would the genotypes of the two parents need to be for this result? Create a Punnett square to support your answer.

(1) Two Dalmatians with black spots have puppies. One of the dogs is homozygous for black spots, while the other is heterozygous. Out of a litter of 4 puppies, how many would you expect to have without spots? Create a Punnett square to support your answer. B b BB BB Bb None of them would be all white, since all the offspring would have black spots.

(2) Two Dalmatians had a large litter of 10 puppies. Seven of them have black spots, while 3 do not. What would the genotypes of the two parents need to be for this result? Create a Punnett square to support your answer. b b Bb Bbbb Bbbb B b Bb BBBb bb B b BB BB Bb The parents would have both have to be Bb or heterozygous for black spots in order to have 7 out of 10 or about 75% of puppies with black spots.

1. One of SpongeBob’s cousins with hybrid round eyes (Rr) had children with someone who also had hybrid round eyes (Rr). A. Create a Punnett square to show the possible offspring that would result from this cross. B. Give the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring. C. What percentage of the children should have round eyes? 2. Another of SpongeBob’s cousins with hybrid round eyes (Rr) had children with someone who has oval eyes (rr). A. Create a Punnett square to show the possible offspring that would result from this cross. B. Give the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring. C. What percentage of the children should have round eyes?

1. One of SpongeBob’s cousins with hybrid round eyes (Rr) had children with someone who also had hybrid round eyes (Rr). A. Create a Punnett square to show the possible offspring that would result from this cross. B. Give the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring. C. What percentage of the children should have round eyes? R r Rr RRRr rr RR = Round eyes Rr = Round eyes rr = Oval eyes 75%

2. One of SpongeBob’s cousins with hybrid round eyes (Rr) had children with someone who has oval eyes (rr). A. Create a Punnett square to show the possible offspring that would result from this cross. B. Give the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring. C. What percentage of the children should have round eyes? R r rr Rr rr Rr = Round eyes rr = Oval eyes 50%

What do you know about the world of genetics? T. Trimpe 2008

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What do you know about the world of genetics? T. Trimpe 2008

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