1. Overview of Flight Training Global Picture IAOPA World Assembly July 22, 2016

2. US is Adopting Airman Certification Standards (ACS) The single document providing the controlling guidance for everything a pilot is required to know or be able to do for a specific certificate or rating The ACS will be the guidance for the handbooks

3. The ACS Will Provide standards for knowledge (for the first time) Require the same skills at the same standards as the PTS Require applicants to be able to identify, assess and mitigate risks for each task

4. The ACS Will Require A new way of thinking about managing the risks of flight A new vocabulary to express unfamiliar concepts

5. Why is This Important?

6. How Many People in Here Know Someone Personally Who Was Killed in an Aircraft?

7. Risk Management Teaching and Practice is Flawed When students leave training, their accident rate jumps 50% Student = 5.8; Private = 8.55 Taught by passing along rules, stories, sayings

8. Pilots Learn Risk Management by Exposing Themselves to Risk Then they evaluate the results If not scary, they call it acceptable; they may have just been lucky More times they get away with something, the more “acceptable” it is If scary, they add it to a long list of “won’t do that again!” If don’t run out of luck, become experienced

9. Experience is a Hard Teacher She gives the test first, lesson afterward Many pilots and passengers don’t live to get the lesson Doesn’t prepare them for unanticipated risks To manage risk, pilots must be proactive, not reactive

10. As a Community We have no real experience at providing guidance to instructors and applicants about risk management We need to Re-think our vocabulary regarding risk management Develop helpful and insightful vocabulary Re-think age-old terms we’ve been using that don’t help learning pilots as much as they should

11. Online Learning Technology is Replacing Classroom Learning Anywhere Anytime Tracks your progress Can study as much as you want Lifetime access Always up-to-date

12. Simulation Technology is Being Increasingly Used Full-motion simulator purchase price now below $100,000 Simulator operating cost is $.03 per hour vs. $100 per hour (or more!) Much improved displays have much more fidelity Can train things that you wouldn’t want to do in an aircraft Can repeat procedures immediately

13. Students Prefer Commercial Planning Apps Instructor decision: Tell the customer they must use official source as long as they are in training Train them how to get a standard weather briefing using commercial apps

14. Students Now Show Up With iPads or Other Tablets Instructor decision: Tell the student they can’t use the electronic device—it is dangerously distracting Teach the learning pilot how to take advantage of the increased capability while managing the risk

15. Two Philosophies of Flight Training Much of the world besides U.S.—The Multi-Crew Pilot License programme Can produce a co-pilot in 240 hours, of which 210 hours is in simulators Can be completed in 45 weeks U.S.—ATP needed to be a crew-member 1500 hours required

16. Pros and Cons—U.S. System PROS: Initiative Confidence—more willing to challenge a captain Variety of experience and aircraft More likely to have a crew that can pull off Miracle on the Hudson CONS: Not trained in CRM until later in their training Shortage of pilots

17. Pros and Cons—Multi-Crew License PROS: Can very quickly be in the cockpit Training can be less expensive Trained in CRM from the start CONS: Less likely to challenge the captain Less likely to be able to pull off Miracle on the Hudson More likely to have the Asiana 214 at SFO result