1. Topic: Matter & Energy Aim: What is matter? Do Now: What is an element? HW:

2. Chemistry… Studies matter –Takes up space, has mass 2 types of substances –pure –definite composition

3. Substances

4. Element can’t be broken down –only made of themselves), on Periodic Table –Basic unit - atom

5. Particle Diagrams – Elements Arrangement can vary – monatomic, diatomic, polyatomic – but only ONE TYPE of atom is present

6. Compound 2 or more DIFFERENT elements chemically combined –Properties different than properties of elements that make them up –Ex: formation of water: 2H 2 + O 2  2H 2 O –Basic unit molecule (covalent – only nonmetals) formula unit (ionic – metal & nonmetal) Can only be broken down by chemical means

7. Compounds

8. Particle Diagrams – Compounds Again, arrangement can vary, but CONSTANT RATIO is present

9. Mixtures >1 substance physically combined –Components retain their properties –Can be separated by physical means Heterogeneous mixture –Not uniform, components easily distinguished –Salt & pepper, soil, sand & water Homogeneous mixture –Uniform, components not easily distinguished –Solutions (salt & water), alloys (gold, bronze)

10. Heterogeneous Mixture

11. Homogeneous Mixture

12. Particle Diagrams - Mixtures

13. Divisions of Matter

14. Practice Question – Which represents a mixture?

15. Which sample represents a pure substance? Why is a sample like xx NOT a compound?

17. Substance or Mixture? Why? Chlorine Water Soil Sugar water Oxygen Carbon dioxide Rocky road ice cream Iron

18. Methods of Separating Mixtures Since mixtures are only physical combinations of substances, they can be separated by physical means. Chemical bonds aren’t breaking Attractions between neighboring particles are breaking

19. Distillation - separates mixtures based on different boiling points

20. Filtration - separates a liquid from a solid - liquid passes through filter paper, solid particles get trapped in the filter paper

21. Chromatography- separates molecules in a mixture based on size

22. Centrifuge- spins, separates mixtures by density

23. Magnetism