1. SECTION 6 DESIGN STUDY

3. What’s in this section: –Design Variables –Design Studies Overview –Specifying an Objective –Execution Display Settings –Output Settings –Setting Design Variables to Trial Values –Plotting DESIGN STUDY

4. Overview –Design variables Define independent parameters that can be tied to objects. Organize the critical parameters of the design into a concise list of values that can be easily reviewed and modified. –Example You can create a design variable called Cylinder_length to control the lengths of all three cylinders as shown next: DESIGN VARIABLES Cylinder_length =150 Cylinder_length =300

5. Features –Range –List of allowed values Enter a discrete list of values to use in the design study. –Allow design study to ignore list Lets you switch back and forth between using a range and using a list of values, without re-entering the list each time. –Default levels If you specify a range only, ADAMS/View uses equally spaced levels across the range. You specify the number of default levels. If you specify a list of values and Ignore List is not selected, ADAMS/View runs a simulation using each value, ignoring the number of default levels specified. DESIGN VARIABLES (CONT.)

6. Trial and error method (manual iterations) DESIGN STUDIES OVERVIEW

7. Design study method (automated iterations) DESIGN STUDIES OVERVIEW (CONT.)

8. Definition of a design study –Varies a single design variable (V) across a range of values. –Runs a simulation at each value. –Reports the performance measure for each simulation. From the results generated, you can determine –The best value for V among the values simulated. –The approximate design sensitivity of V (rate of change of performance measure with respect to V). DESIGN STUDIES OVERVIEW (CONT.)

9. Measures –Select a measure and specify whether to use the minimum, maximum, average, or last simulated value of the measure as the objective value. –You can easily reference the model outputs and perform many types of computations on model outputs or other measures. –You must specify the value of interest every time you perform a multi-run. SPECIFYING AN OBJECTIVE

10. Objective –Objective objects are valuable when you want to do complex or multi-step computations on model outputs. –Use objective objects when measures are not flexible enough. –Unlike using the measures method, objectives store the value of interest. –Defined using: Measure –Specify the characteristics directly (minimum, maximum, last value, and so on). Result Set Component (new or existing) –Specify the characteristics directly (minimum, maximum, average, and so on). ADAMS/View Function –Specify the characteristics indirectly. ADAMS/View variable and macro –Specify the characteristics indirectly. SPECIFYING AN OBJECTIVE (CONT.)

11. Update graphics Strip charts Show report EXECUTION DISPLAY SETTINGS

12. Update graphics –When you want to update the model: –Never –At Simulation End Most often used for multi-run simulations –At Output Step –At Contact / Output Step –At Integration Step –At Iteration EXECUTION DISPLAY SETTINGS (CONT.)

13. Strip Charts –Chart objective Depending on the type of parametric analysis, displays a strip chart of the following: Objective value versus variable value for a design study. Objective value versus trial for a DOE. Objective value versus iteration number for an optimization. –Chart variables Displays a strip chart of the following for each design variable: Variable value versus trial or iteration number. –Save curves Clears all displayed measures at the beginning of the parametric analysis and automatically saves the curve from each trial or iteration. EXECUTION DISPLAY SETTINGS (CONT.)

14. Show Report –Automatically displays a tabular report at the end of the parametric simulation. Note: You can use the Tabular Report tool to display this table at any time, write it to a file, and control its format. EXECUTION DISPLAY SETTINGS (CONT.)

15. Individual versus multi-run simulation –Both can save analyses OUTPUT SETTINGS Individual Simulation Settings Multi-run Simulation Settings

16. Individual versus multi-run simulation –Only individual can show ADAMS/Solver messages and save ADAMS/Solver files OUTPUT SETTINGS (CONT.)

17. Multi-run simulation results set –Analogous format for DOE and optimization studies –Structure for design studies: Stop On Errors –Stops the analyses if ADAMS/Solver encounters an error during the simulation. OUTPUT SETTINGS (CONT.)

18. Sets the design variable values to match those used in a specified trial, and updates the model graphics to reflect the new values. SETTING DESIGN VARIABLES TO TRIAL VALUES

19. Measure/objective value versus run –Plots measure or objective versus the variable value, trial number, or iteration number. Measure versus time –Plots measure or objective versus time with a curve for each trial or iteration. –Must have specified a measure or an objective that refers to a measure or result set component (not a macro or function). –Must have saved results from individual PLOTTING

20. Complete Workshop 6: Performing a Design Study WORKSHOP