1. SI Units
International System of Units (SI)

2. Metric Preferences

3. Graduated Cylinder
Measure 26.1mL

5. Scale
Weigh the object

7. Ruler
Measure the length of the object
Side of book

8. Bubble Lab
Does sugar or salt affect the ability to blow bubbles?

9. What are the steps of the scientific method? Problem
The problem is the question we want to answer
Must be specific and testable
Observations
Objective (using facts), not subjective (using opinions)
Quantitative (counting or measuring) and qualitative
Hypothesis
A hypothesis is an educated prediction based on observations.
MUST BE TESTABLE. 9

10. Experiment An experiment tests the hypothesis
Controlled variables—factors that are kept constant
Ex.
Manipulated variable—factor that changes (only have one of these at a time)
Independent variable—factor that causes a change
Dependent variable—factor that changes (the thing you’re measuring).
Controlled variable: amount of sunlight, pot size, type of soil
Manipulated variable: amount of water
Independent variable: amount of water
Dependent variable: plant height 10

11. Data analysis Conclusion
Data analysis is making judgments or evaluations about the results of an experiment
Use graphs, tables, and statistics
Conclusion
A conclusion explains the results of the experiment
Tell whether or not the hypothesis was supported
Explain sources of error 11

12. Retest (OR revise hypothesis)
Experiment is redone many times
Theory
A theory is a conclusion that is accepted by many scientists that EXPLAINS something.
Law
A law describes behavior of natural events 12

13. PROBLEM OBSERVATIONS HYPOTHESIS EXPERIMENT ANALYZE DATA
DRAW CONCLUSIONS
RETEST
DISCARD
THEORY 13

14. Accuracy vs. Precision Accuracy: How close to the real value
Precision: How close a series of measurements are to each other

16. Scientific Notation Method of writing very small or very large numbers
A positive exponent means the decimal moved to the left.
A negative exponent means the decimal moved to the right

17. Scientific Notation
602,200,000,000,000,000,000,000 = ?
Step 1: Make the Coefficient less than 10 and more than 1.
Step 2: Find out how many places over the decimal has to move to give you the number in step 1.

18. Scientific Notation 5,300,000 = ? 4,302,000,000 = ? -24,500 = ?
= ?
= ?

19. Scientific Notation 5.3 x 104 = ? 7.02 x 108 = ? -3.21 x 103 = ?

20. Scientific Notation Addition and Subtraction:
Make the exponents the same number
Add/Subtract the coefficient
5.3x x103 =
5.3x x102 =
31.3x102=
3.13x103

21. Scientific Notation Multiplication and Division
Add or Subtract exponents
Multiply or Divide coefficients
Multiply Divide
5.2x102 x 4.8x104 = x104 ÷ 2.5x103=
(5.2 x 4.8) x10(2 + 4) (5.0 ÷ 2.5) x10(4-3)=
24.96x x101
2.496x107

22. Scientific Notation 5.6x104 + 4.3x102 = ? 4.0x106 – 8.3x105 = ?

23. Significant Figures Rounding Numbers:
-Round up if the digit to the right is between 5-9
59.48  59.5
-Don’t change the number if the digit is between 0-4
3.84  3.8
Significant Figures Tell You What Number To Round To!

24. Significant Figures
All Non-zero numbers (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9) are significant
Zeros –
Front of number are NEVER significant
0.0071, 0.42, all have 2 sig. figs
Middle of number are ALWAYS significant
7003, , all have 4 sig. figs
End are SOMETIMES significant
At end AFTER decimal, ALWAYS significant
36.00, , all have 4 sig figs
At end BEFORE decimal, NEVER significant
300, 7000, all have 1 sig fig

25. Significant Figures
5.30 = ?
= ?
1900 = ?
= ?

26. Significant Figures Addition and Subtraction
Match the number with the least number of decimals
Ex: = 17.3
= 17.31
= 17
Multiplication and Division
Match value with fewest number of sig figs
Ex: 2.00 x 11 =22
2.00 x 11.0 = 22.0
2 x 11 = 20

27. 1000 k BIG 100 h 10 dk 1 .1 d .01 c .001 m SMALL BASE (m, g, L) 27
kilo
BIG
100 h
hecto 10 dk
deca 1
BASE
(m, g, L) .1 d
deci
.01 c
centi
.001 m
milli
SMALL 27

28. How do you convert between metric units?
Determine whether you are going up the ladder or down the ladder.
If you go up, move the decimal to the left.
If you go down, move the decimal to the right.
Use the ladder to determine how many places to move the decimal.
The number of steps on the ladder is equal to the number of decimal places.
Write the correct units with your answer. 28

29. Conversions How many quarters make up $2? How many dimes make up $3?
How many inches make up 2ft?

30. Conversions Convert 892cm to meters……
Make the units cancel to get the units you want
Find the conversion factor
Which is bigger?
(This will have the value of 1)
Which one is smaller
(This will have the big number)
What is the difference between them
(Count how many steps you take, each one is more)

31. Conversions 23mL = _____ L 45km = _____ cm 78.1cm = ______ mm
750dg = _____ mg
.073m = ______ mm

32. Conversions 8.9g/cm3 = _______ kg/m3 4.23m/L = _______ cm/mL
19.6cm/L = ______ m/mL
2.5g/m3 = ______ g/cm3