2. What is energy  ENERGY: The ability to do work and cause change. Examples: ○ Wind moving a leaf (The wind moving the leaf is a form of work and it changes the location of the leaf

3. WORK  When an object or organism does work on another object, some of its energy is transferred to that object.  You can think of work as the transfer (or exchange) of energy.  When energy is transferred, the object that work is done to receives the energy.

4. Kinetic and Potential Energy

5. Kinetic energy  Kinetic Energy: Anything that is in motion and using energy.

6. Potential Energy  When an object is at rest.

7. Vocab. To know…  Velocity- speed in a given direction.  Exert- to use force; to use toward something.  Mass- A measure of how much matter is in an object.

8. Mass and Velocity  The kinetic (or moving) energy of an object depends on both its mass and velocity…  Example: Think about a bowling ball and a golf ball being thrown across a field..Which ball would you have to exert (or use) more force on?

9. Answer…  You would have to exert (or use) more force on the bowling ball because it has a greater mass.

10. Transferring Energy  Energy is transferred by doing work.  The more work you do, the more energy is transferred.  A bowling ball would have more energy than a golf ball because you have to exert more work on to it to move it. Kinetic energy increases as velocity increases.  Kinetic energy increases as mass increases.

11. Calculating Kinetic Energy Kinetic Energy = Mass X Velocity ^2 2 Kinetic Energy depends on both mass and velocity. Even though Velocity and Mass BOTH have an effect on kinetic energy, they each have a DIFFERENT effect. Changing the VELOCITY of an object will have a greater effect on Kinetic Energy than changing the MASS. WHY?

12. FORMS OF ENERGY  Both Kinetic and Potential energy have a variety of different forms…  The forms of energy we are going to talk about today are MECHANICAL energy, THERMAL energy, CHEMICAL energy, ELECTRICAL energy, ELECTROMAGNETIC energy, and NUCLEAR energy…..

13. Mechanical Energy  Mechanical Energy is the energy associated with the motion or position of an object.  The school bus you ride in, a frog leaping through the air, and even the sounds you hear ALL have mechanical energy…  Mechanical energy can be kinetic or potential…

14. Thermal Energy  Thermal energy is the total energy of the particles in a substance or material.  All matter is made up of small particles called atoms and molecules.  These particles have both kinetic and potential energy…  When the thermal energy of an object increases, its particles move faster making the temperature rise.  Example: Ice cream melts as its thermal energy increases…

15. Chemical Energy  Chemical Energy is potential energy stored in chemical bonds that hold chemical compounds together.  Chemical energy is stored in chocolate, wood, wax, a match, and even in the cells of your body..  This form of energy is has potential energy.

16. Electrical Energy  Electrical Energy occurs when moving electrical charges produce electricity and then carry energy…  You rely on electrical energy from batteries, power lines, radios, lights, and computers…

17. Electromagnetic Energy  Electromagnetic energy travels in waves that have some electrical properties and some magnetic properties…  This form of energy can be seen in visible light, ultraviolet radiation, and in microwaves.

18. Nuclear Energy  Nuclear energy is stored in the nucleus of an atom and is released during nuclear reactions..  This form also stores potential energy.  Nuclear fission ( when a nucleus splits) and Nuclear fusion (when two different nuclei combine) are both examples of Nuclear energy.  A real life example of this would be nuclear power plant (Nuclear fission) and the sun and other stars (Nuclear fusion).