1. “The Rocking-Horse Winner” D.H. LAWRENCE

2. Themes and Meanings This story is D. H. Lawrence’s strongest indictment of materialism and his strongest demonstration of the incompatibility of the love of money and the love of human beings. In Paul’s unhappy family, his parents’ marriage is unsatisfactory. Throughout, Lawrence condemns the modern notion that luck and happiness come from the outside, rather than from within; that happiness must take the form of money and goods.

3. Lawrence also points out, with psychological astuteness, that to supplant love with money is a deception through which everyone can see. In the story, no one is fooled. The mother, whose heart is too hardened to love her children, tries to compensate them with presents and other material items, but the children and the mother know the truth: “They read it in each other’s eyes.” To give and to receive love, the only true fulfillment in life, is, as Lawrence points out, to relate to but never to control another human being: The loved one always remains mysterious, unknown, unpredictable. Thus, love, freely given and received, is the very opposite of Paul’s desperate need to know, to force knowledge, and to predict the future.

4. Although the reader never discovers how Paul learns the names of the winners, Lawrence hints, at various points in the story, that Paul may be trafficking with false and evil gods. This suggestion is made through his repeated descriptions of Paul’s eyes as looking demoniac: “his uncanny blue eyes” that had “an uncanny cold fire in them”; “his eyes were like blue stones.” This idea is also suggested by the religious language that surrounds Paul’s gambling. Bassett repeatedly refers to Paul’s correct prediction by saying, “It’s as if he had it from heaven”; “his face terribly serious, as if he were speaking of religious matters”; his manner “serious as a church.”

5. Themes Responsibility Generosity and Greed Oedipus Complex

6. Style and Technique The story begins with the deceptively simple and formulaic language of the fairy tale: “There was a woman who was beautiful, who started with all the advantages, yet she had no luck.” This language underscores the inappropriateness of a life lived, as Hester lives it, in the belief that just as in fairy tales, luck and happiness are unpredictable because they come from the outside rather than being matters over which the individual exercises some control.

7. The supernatural elements in the story, rather than providing an opportunity for escape, augment its sense of reality. The futility of the materialistic quest, and its lack of destination, are well symbolized in Paul’s frantic riding of his rocking horse. That the house whispers “There must be more money” seems not so much a supernatural or magical element as a brilliantly sustained metaphor for the unspoken messages that shape and often take over the life of a family. In all, the story is a brilliant study in the sustained use of symbolism to suggest with bold economy the death-dealing consequences of the substitution of money for love.

8. Quick Write: Quick Write: How are Paul and his Mother Complete Opposites? How does Lawrence develop a central idea? – Include Evidence

9. Sources Enotes.com Sparknotes.com