1. Acquisition barriers For most people, the experience with an L2 is fundamentally different from their L1 experience and it is hardly conducive to to acquisition. teenage adult young children

2. However, even in ideal acquisition situations, very few adults seem to reach native like proficiency in using a second language. There who can achieve great expertise in the written language, but not spoken language. Example- Joseph Conrad There are suggestions that some features, for example vocabulary or grammar, of a second language are easier to acquire than other, for example phonology.

3. Sometimes this is taken as evidence that after the critical period has passed, around puberty, it becomes very difficult to acquire another language fully. It has been demonstrated that students in their early teens are quicker and more effective second language learners than, for example 7 year olds. It may be, of course, that the acquisition of a second language requires a combination of factors. The optimum age may be during the years from about 10- 16 when the flexibility of the language acquisition faculty has not been completely lost, and the maturation of cognitive skills allows more effective working out of the regular features of the second language encountered.

4. Affective factors Affective factors relate to the learner's emotional state and attitude toward the target language. They can have a negative or positive effect. All these negative feelings or experiences are affective factors that can create a barrier to acquisition. *Self-consciousness *emotional

5. Focus on method Despite all these barriers, the need for instruction in other languages has led to a variety of educational approaches and methods aimed at fostering L2 learning. * As long ago as 1483, William Caxton used his newly established printing press to produce a book of Right good lernyng for to lerne shortly frenssh and englyssh.